The great human Buddha was born in BC. In 563, on the full moon day of Baisakh, a shawl fell under a tree in the forest of Lumbini. He was born in the Shakya Chhetri Surya dynasty. His grandfather’s name is Singh and his grandmother’s name is Kanchana. He was born from the womb of King Suddhodana and Queen Mahamaya Devi. His village is Koshal Rajya Kapilvastu. Mother-in-law and mother-in-law are also devas. His wife’s name is Yashodhara and son’s name is Rahul. King Shuddhodan was 57 years old when Siddhartha Kumar was born. . He was named on the fifth day of his birth. Eight Brahmins had predicted that he would become a Buddha in the future. Mother Ahamaya Devi passed away 7 days after her birth. After that, Siddhartha was brought up by his younger mother Prajapati Gautami.

Along with the birth of the Buddha, the following seven things were also born. Mangal Hatti, Yashodhara, Kaludai Mantri, Chhandak Sarathi, Kanthak Ghoda, Bodhi Tree and 4 pots of gold. Vodhisattva Siddhartha Kumar was married to Yasodhara at the age of 16. At that time, Yashodhara was not even 16 years old. Fearing the prophecies of the Pandits, King Suddhodhana built three luxurious buildings to keep Siddhartha Kumar forgotten in his domestic life. They were beautiful 9th ​​floor, picturesque 7th floor, auspicious 5th floor. One day Siddharth Kumar went out to circulate the market. He saw a sick man and asked the driver why he was sick. According to Sarthi, all people get sick. After reaching some distance, Siddharth Kumar again saw an old man walking with a stick and asked the charioteer, “Why is this man old?” According to the charioteer, everyone in the world grows old.

. After reaching some distance, Siddharth Kumar saw another dead man sitting around the family crying and again asked Sarathi what happened. Sarathi said that this person is dead and his family members are mourning. He told Siddhartha that every person becomes ill, gets old and dies one day after birth. This is the true truth, it is the law of creation. These incidents and scenarios hurt Siddhartha Kumar a lot.He began to think that there is sorrow, there is disease, there is old age, why birth and death are together? Siddhartha Kumar spent a lot of time thinking about the prevention of such mental illness. At the age of 29, Siddharth Kumar’s son Rahul was born. Siddharth Kumar had left home seven days after Rahul’s birth. The name of the horse that Siddhartha Kumar rode after leaving home was Kanthak and the name of the charioteer was Chhanna-Chhandak. At that time, Siddharth Kumar, Sarathi Chhandak and Ghoda Kanthak were all 29 years old.

After leaving home and reaching the banks of the river Anoma, he cut his own hair and became a monk. Then, when Siddhartha was meditating on hunger, his body became very weak and he realized that he should meditate on the little food he needed to maintain his body. After that, he continued to practice meditation and meditation for the welfare of the human race.Thus Siddhartha Kumar attained enlightenment under a poplar tree at Aruvela (Buddhagaya) on the night of the full moon of Vaishakh. He was 35 at the time. That poplar tree is called Bodhi tree. After that, at the age of 36, he started preaching Dharmachakra (first sermon) at Srigatavan Sarnatha. Five housewives took the first sermon. They are Kaundanya Vappa, Bhaddiya, Mahanam and Assajit.The first monk was Kaundanya, the first to go to the shelter of Triratna was Yash Kumar’s father, mother, Sujata and wife, and the first to become a monk was Yash Kumar. Mahalata Abhushan was with three people in the time of Buddha:

1. Visakha

2. Mallika Devi

3. Devdaniya thief

Visakha Mahauyasika had asked the following 8 wishes  with the Buddha:

A. Giving bath cloth to the monks’ association.
B. Donating food to visitors.
C. Donate food to passengers.
D. Donating food to patients.
E.Donating food to the servants of the sick.
F.Donating medicine to patients.
G.Donate jaula to patients. (Soft rice to feed the patient)
F. Donating artificial clothes to the nuns.

Nakulmata and Nukalpita, these two household couples, addressed the Buddha as “Son”.
Jivak Vaidya used to treat Lord Buddha by sniffing medicinal lotus flowers when he was unwell.
Devadatta had asked the Buddha for the following five things, which the Buddha did not accept, and Devadatta had set up a separate monks’ association.

1) The monks have to live in the forest.
2) Chew only the cloth thrown in the masan.
3) You should eat only after taking alms.
4) You should sleep under the tree.
5) Fish and meat should not be eaten at all.

Thus, it seems that Devadatta was the first to bring feet in the monks’ association during the time of Buddha, but it did not last forever.

Important Days in the life of the Buddha:

Friday – Born
Saturday – Dharmachakra Enforcement
Sunday – Funeral
Monday – Homelessness
Tuesday – Parinirvana
Wednesday – Enlightenment
Thursday – Entered the mother’s womb

Important places in the life of the Buddha:

Kapilbastu: The kingdom of Buddha’s father Suddhodhana.
Devadaha: (Nawalparasi) – Buddha’s uncle’s kingdom and also in-laws.
Lumbini: The birthplace of the Buddha.
Buddhagaya: A place of enlightenment.
Sarnath: The place where the first religion was preached.
Shrabasti: The place where Buddha spent most of his life.
RajGriha: The place where Devadatta tried to kill Buddha.
Vaishali: The country praised by the Buddha.

Important events in the life of the Buddha:

Birth : 563  BC

Marriage : 574 BC (Age of 16)

Homelessness: 534 BC(Age of 29)

Enlightenment : 528 BC(Age of 35)

DharmaChakra : 528 BC (Age of 36)

Mahaparinirwan: 438 BC (Age of 80)

The sad truths seen by the Buddha:

1) To be born

2) To be old

3) To be sick

4) To die

5) To live with a person you don’t like

6) To be separated from a person you like

7) Not to fulfill your heart’s desires etc.

The Ven Virtues of the Buddha:

1. Non-violence

2. Don’t steal.

3.Observance of celibacy

4. Don’t lie.

5.Don’t drink alcohol.

6.Don’t eat after noon.

7.Stay away from pornographic movies, songs, music.

8.Don’t use luxury items (necklaces, perfumes, creams) etc.

9.Don’t sleep in a luxurious bed.

`0.Don’t keep gold or silver.

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Lumbini is the holy birthplace of Lord Gautam Buddha. Lord Gautam Buddha, the pioneer of Buddhism and the pioneer of peace, was born from the womb of Mother Mayadevi in ​​the beautiful and sacred garden of this place in 623 BC. This Pavbhumi is now famous as a source of world peace among all peace loving people including Buddhists all over the world. The site has been inscribed on the World Heritage List since 1997. Every year millions of pilgrims and scholars from all over the world visit Lumbini.

Religious Significance and Historical Background:

Lumbini is a very important pilgrimage site for Buddhists around the world. Lumbini has become an important religious destination for Hindus as they have deep faith in Mayadevi and Lord Buddha. Archaeological and historical relics in Lumbini reveal the fact that various personalities have visited Lumbini for centuries. The famous Mauryan emperor Ashoka made a pilgrimage to Lumbini in 249 BC under the guidance of his spiritual master Upagupta. He erected a Dhudda pillar with the inscription “Hind Budhe Jate Shakyamuniti” ( “Buddha was born under Shakyamuni”) which can be found in Lumbini as the famous Ashoka Pillarha. Emperor Ashoka worshiped a monument marking the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama and the sacred pool where he was bathed for purification after his birth. He also visited historical places like Kapilvastu, Ramgram and Devadaha. According to the historical facts obtained, the Chinese travelers who visited Lumbini after Emperor Ashoka were Tseng Sai, Paihyan and Huen Sadd. Tseng Sai visited Lumbini in the 4th century, Fahian in the 5th century, and Huen Sadd in the 7th century.

Among these travelers, the travel details of Huen Sadd give details about Lumbini. He mentioned that in Lumbini he saw a trunk of a birth tree, a chaitya, an Ashoka pillar, a sacred pond, a well with the Telar river, cold and hot springs. In 1312, King Ripu Malla of the Karnali region of western Nepal visited Lumbini and wrote “Om Mani Padam Hum Ripu Malla Chir Jayatu” on the Ashoka Pillar to commemorate his journey. After that, Lumbini was forgotten for a long period of history. Later, in 1896, Lumbini became a topic of interest again when Palpali Governor General Khadga Shamsher and Archaeological Surveyor of British India Alois F फुhrer rediscovered the Ashoka Pillar. In 1999, P.C. Mukherjee excavated the birthplace of Lord Buddha, identified the statue of Mayadevi and showed some of the ruins of the temple. Again in the 1930s, Keshar Shamsher Rana excavated the Mayadevi temple premises.

Indian archaeologist Mrs. Devla Mitra conducted the excavation in 1962. Since the 1960s, the Government of Nepal, with the support and cooperation of the United Nations as well as various national and international organizations, has been playing a leading role in the excavation, protection and enhancement of Lumbini by building various bodies with special significance. In 1970, the Lumbini Development Project was formed under the Department of Building and Physical Planning and in 1975, the Lumbini Development Committee was formed.Since the formation of the Lumbini Development Fund as an autonomous body in 1985, the fund has been carrying out excavation, conservation and promotion of the Lumbini area. From 1992 to 1996, excavations were carried out at the Mayadevi temple premises jointly by the Fund, the Department of Archeology, Government of Nepal and the Japan Buddhist Federation. Currently, Lumbini has been established as a religious, spiritual and tourist destination for millions of people around the world and is developing into a beautiful, peaceful garden.

Heritage of Lumbini:

After the Mahaparinirvana of Lord Gautam Buddha Tathagata, Lumbini was transformed into an important spiritual site. Lumbini’s holiest birthplace attracted the attention of devout devotees. As a result, various stupas and monasteries were built to pay homage to God. These constructions were religious in nature.

Mayadevi Temple: Of all the heritages in this holy place, Mayadevi Temple is the main attraction.The ruins inside the temple date from the 3rd century BC to the 7th century BC.

Birth Memorial Stone: The birth memorial stone is in a deep room. Which clearly shows the birth point of Lord Buddha. The stone was discovered in 1996 after intensive excavations at the Mayadevi temple complex.

Mayadevi idol: The idol of Mayadevi is also called birth idol. Built in the 4th century, the statue depicts the birth of Lord Buddha. Mayadevi is holding a tree branch with her right hand for support.His sister Prajapati is standing on the left side while the two deities are seen preparing to take the Lord and the statue of the newborn Buddha is seen in the middle.

Holy Pool (Pushkarini): To the south of the Ashoka Pillar is the Holy Pool. It is believed that Mayadevi bathed here before giving birth to Lord Buddha and that the Lord was purified by taking the first bath in it.

Ashoka Pillar: The inscription on the Ashoka Pillar gives historical evidence about the birthplace of Lord Gautam Buddha. The inscription on this pillar is the most important official and historical inscription on the birthplace of Lord Buddha and Lumbini.

New Lumbini:

The visit of UN Secretary General U Thant to Lumbini in 1967 proved to be a milestone in the development of modern Lumbini. Impressed by the importance and sanctity of Lumbini, he discussed with the late Shri 5 Mahendra and advised the Government of Nepal to develop Lumbini as an international pilgrimage and tourist destination. In 1970, he helped form the 15-member International Committee for the Development of Lumbini with the participation of the United Nations. For the planned development of Lumbini, in 1972, Prof. Kenja Tange, a Japanese citizen, was given the responsibility of preparing the Lumbini Master Plan.

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