He was repeatedly imprisoned and released. Later, the Rana expelled Krishna Prasad Koirala. Thus, while living in different places of the monastery, BP Koirala was born in the monastery. His primary education was in Purnia district of Bihar. He received his university level education at the Banaras Hindu University and his law degree from Calcutta. With the attainment of high school level education, the Quit India Movement against British imperialism was in full swing in India.

While living in exile in India, Krishna Prasad Koirala had no income and was struggling to support his family. At that time, he was attracted to Marxism as he was in a lower class position. By the time he graduated from college, he had become a member of the Communist Party of India. Later, the Quit India Movement and his father Krishna Prasad Koirala had good relations with Mahatma Gandhi, Jayaprakash Narayan and Ram Manohar Lohia. He continued to be influenced by the same philosophy till later. Later, his father Krishna Prasad Koirala was pardoned by the Rana government. He came to Biratnagar and started engaging in social service again. BP Koirala

He continued to raise public awareness against the Rana in Nepal by supporting the Indian freedom fighters. On this occasion, he was arrested again and brought to Kathmandu. He was ill when he was arrested. He was kept in an unhealthy jail in Kathmandu. He became more and more ill. Kushna Prasad died in 2001 while still in prison. This further increased the hatred against the Rana in the VP and he started organizing the expatriate Nepalis against the Rana rule. He had issued a statement from Darjeeling protesting against the execution of four martyrs in Nepal. From the time he studied in Calcutta, he started a struggle against the British. He was repeatedly imprisoned in Indian jails. Seeing the need for a struggling party, he took important initiatives in the establishment of the Nepali National Congress. BP Koirala

The Nepali National Congress was established together with the VP. At that time, all the celebrities of modern Nepal were in the Nepali National Congress. On this occasion, Biratnagar Jute Mill was the only city in Nepal which was and still is considered as an industrial city. There was no union in that. The first trade union was formed under his direction with his brother Girija Prasad Koirala as president and Manmohan Adhikari as general secretary. He came to Biratnagar to go on strike at Biratnagar Jute Mill and the first trade union was formed and went on strike. He was captured by the Rana ruler and taken to Dhankuta in the eastern region. BP Koirala

After being kept in Dhankuta, he was brought to Kathmandu on foot via Kathmandu-Bhojpur-Okhaldhunga-Ramechhap-Kavre. At that time, he was imprisoned in Nakhujel. He then went on a hunger strike in jail and was released from prison by the Rana under pressure from Mahatma Gandhi. Earlier, they had come to Kathmandu to organize underground. After Ganeshman Singh escaped from jail and reached Benaras, India via Makwanpur, they met and pledged to join the same party and overthrow the Rana regime. BP Koirala

VP had come to Kathmandu at the suggestion of Ganeshman Singh. When he came to Kathmandu, he met Surya Bahadur Bhardwaj, Prem Bahadur Kansakar, Shambhuram Shrestha and Gauri Bhakta Pradhan underground. While meeting him at Tyodtol, the spies of the Rana found out about him and went to catch him. He ran away from Kaushi and Chhanachana. But then Gauri Bhakta Pradhan was caught by the spies of the Rana and he spent about a year and a half in jail. Sundar Raj Chalise, Shambhuram Shrestha, Prem Bahadur Kansakar, Pushpalal, Sahna Pradhan, Snehalta Shrestha, Kamakshi Devi Rana and Mangaladevi Singh were the main hands in the Kathmandu Awakening. After his return to India, the then C-class Rana had formed the Prajatantra Congress with Mahendra Vikram Shah and Suvarna Shamsher as leaders. Dr. No matter how much Pushpalal mediated in the dispute between Regmi and him, no reconciliation could be reached. BP Koirala

On the contrary, he merged the Prajatantra Congress and the Nepali National Congress and established the Nepali Congress in April 2006. The party led by his brother Matrika Prasad Koirala and organized a conference in Virginia. The conference decided to wage an armed struggle against the Rana in Nepal and made his brother Matrika Prasad Koirala the Supreme Commander. Despite being the supreme commander of Matrika, he was more popular in the party and the army, and after the Rana surrendered in the 2007 revolution and the Delhi Accords were mediated by Nehru, an agreement was reached to form a Rana-Congress joint cabinet. Mohan Shamsher became the Prime Minister and he became the Home Minister with the second largest portfolio on behalf of the rebels. BP Koirala

Opposition to the Delhi Agreement

Pushpalal had already started the patriotic movement. Protests erupted in Kathmandu and student leader Chinia Kazi was killed. He later mentioned that he had resigned on moral grounds after the death of the Chinese Qazi, among other things. King Tribhuvan and his son Mahendra, who had fled Nepal for the next seven years, tried to establish a monarchy by raising people from different parties. Tribhuvan himself tried to thwart his own announcement to hold the Constituent Assembly by various conspiracies. Many parties and leaders participated in it knowingly or unknowingly. BP Koirala

At that time, the Nepali Congress was established under the leadership of Pushpalal. This had a strong impact on Nepali workers and farmers against the Delhi Agreement. It started the people’s movement to hold the Constituent Assembly elections. VP Koirala was in Chepuwa of Nehru and the then court. He decided to agitate against the conspiracy not to hold the Constituent Assembly elections. The first satyagraha took place in 2014 BS. The court was shocked by this and tried to reach an agreement. The VP did not agree to promulgate the constitution by holding elections to the Constituent Assembly and agreed to hold parliamentary elections in accordance with the constitution made by the commission with the right to mobilize the army in the hands of the king. VP made the biggest mistake for the first time in the history of the Nepali people’s movement. V.S. Parliamentary elections were held in 2015 BS. His party, the Nepali Congress, won a two-thirds majority. BP Koirala

King Mahendra did not expect the VP-led party to win so many seats in the elections. Therefore, Congress party parliamentary party leader V.P. The court had wished and conspired that no one else should be chosen. The court had promoted Suvarna Shamsher, but Suvarna Shamsher’s sensible attitude did not go unnoticed within the VP’s party. V.P. The leader of the parliamentary party was elected and became the prime minister. But it is said that King Mahendra was reluctant to swear in him. After becoming the Prime Minister, he started some good reform work. For example, he believed that in a democracy, the judiciary should be independent and dignified, and that the salary of the Chief Justice should be slightly higher than that of the Prime Minister and that of the Supreme Court should be slightly higher than that of the Minister. This will prevent corruption in the judiciary and control corruption in other parts of the government. BP Koirala

VP brought Raja Rajauta Abolition Act all over the country and Raja Rajauta was abolished. They nationalized the forests and other natural resources in their possession. The Rana nationalized the Birtajagga Birta Abolition Act by giving it to their brothers-in-law and employees or priests. Apart from this, the Cabinet decided to implement the land reform program started by Tanka Prasad Acharya in 2013 BS with a more pro-people lower limit and drafted the Land Act and submitted it to the Parliament. BP Koirala

This was a form of revolutionary land reform. Thus the Birta Abolition Act, the Revolutionary Land Reform Act, the Anti-Untouchability Act, the Forest Nationalization Act, all these reform movements and laws enraged the feudal class and uplifted the then king. On the 1st of Poush 2017, with the help of the army, the king arrested the elected prime minister. Thapathali’s youth party arrested him from the conference and declared a state of emergency. Six months later, he was placed in the Sundarijal Army barracks. He was not even allowed to meet anyone. He remained confident in favor of people’s democracy.BP Koirala

VP was kept in jail for 8 years from 2017 BS to 2025 BS. He was released from jail in 2025 BS and went to Biratnagar. He gave a speech at the Elite Club of Biratnagar to restore multi-party democracy. In Biratnagar’s Bargachhi magazine, he said that the remnants of the monarchy in Nepal have always had to deal with democracy and that a republic should be established in Nepal. Then he migrated to India. From the migration to India, all kinds of armed and unarmed struggles started. BP Koirala

The Chitwan and Okhaldhunga scandals are examples of this. After being chased by Indira Gandhi to India, he entered Nepal with a strategy of national reconciliation. The Nepalese government imprisoned him again. Later, when King Virendra left for treatment, he went to America for treatment. On his return, the monarchy hanged his followers Captain Yagya Bahadur Thapa and Bhim Narayan Shrestha. On this occasion, General Ziaul Haq hanged Pakistan’s popular leader Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. In protest, the student movement in Nepal took an extreme form. The king announced a referendum. V.P. Decided to participate in the referendum. BP Koirala

If the Communists and the Congress had campaigned unanimously at that time, the multi-party system would have won the election. He decided not to agree with the communists. Separately, the multi-party system was defeated and a constitution with a non-party system was drafted. The VP made the third mistake by accepting the constitution. The author of this line had a direct meeting with VP Koirala. In that movement, the right-wing Jana Sangh and the left-wing Naxalite Communist Party were united. Why don’t you do it here? There could have been working unity with the Pushpalal group and the Manmohan group, but that’s all . BP Koirala

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Matrika Prasad Koirala gave birth to only one son from his eldest wife Mohan Kumari Koirala. The youngest wife, Divya Koirala, is survived by four sons – former prime ministers Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala and Girija Prasad Koirala, and two other sons – Keshav Prasad Koirala (he died and his wife Nona Koirala died in 2063) and Tarini Prasad Koirala (he died and his daughter-in-law). He is the President of Nepal Trade Union Congress (Independent).

His political career began with India’s freedom struggle. Indian leaders Rajendra Prasad, Dr. Koirala, who was participating along with Manohar Lohia and Lal Bahadur Shastri, was arrested. He was lodged in Motihari Jail, Bihar, India in 1987. Influenced by the Gandhian philosophy, Koirala studied higher education from India till graduation and even received a scholarship from India.

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Then around 1930, Matrika Prasad Koirala came to Nepal. Initially, he took a government job. He played a leading role in the 2004 Biratnagar Jute Mill labor movement. This was the first step of his active role in politics in Nepal. In 2003, he became the founding president of the Nepali National Congress. In 2006, he became a founding member of the Nepali Congress and the first elected president.

He became the prime minister (in 2008) of the first civilian government formed after the 2007 revolution. In 2008, due to differences with the late Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala, he split from the Nepali Congress and resigned as Prime Minister and formed the National People’s Council. He became prime minister again in 2011. As the then Prime Minister, Koirala signed the Koshi Agreement with the Government of India (in 2012).

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Sher Bahadur Deuwa, was born in  2003 BS in Asigram VDC, Ward No. 5 of Dadeldhura district. He received his primary education from Asigram Primary School in Dadeldhura, lower secondary education from Mahendra Higher Secondary School and secondary education from Sitaram Higher Secondary School, Uchchkot Doti. He had started to make the politics of Nepali Congress his ideal from his school days.

After giving SLC , Deuba did not go to India for higher education. He was admitted to Trichandra College, Kathmandu in 2021 BS. After this, he became active in politics within the Nepali Union. In the process, he was arrested several times at different times. Deuba, who has a fearless nature, did not hesitate to fight with the professor in the interest of the students.

Sher Bahadur Deuwa : Political Background

Deuba, who has been actively working in the Nepali Students ‘Union, became the president of the Nepal Students’ Union for the first time in 2028 BS. After coming under the leadership of Nevisangha, he pushed his politics forward in a strong manner. Deuba, who had made himself strong in student politics, was appointed by BP in the Far West by giving him party responsibilities. At that time, he had reached Dadeldhura via Darchula and Baitadi from India.

When in 2046 BS, the Nepali Congress led the first people’s movement in the country. At that time, Deuba was studying at the London School of Economics. After the success of the Jana Andolan in 2047 BS, Deuba landed in Kathmandu from London. In the government formed in 2048 BS under the leadership of Girija Prasad Koirala, Deuba became the Home Minister. Within five years of becoming home minister, he became the country’s prime minister.

Deuba, who has gone through many ups and downs in politics, had the direct and indirect support of Kishunji and Ganeshman Singh in the growing power struggle within the Congress. Deuba challenged Koirala to lead the party at the party’s 10th Pokhara general convention. In the Pokhara General Convention in 2057 BS, Deuba had given his candidature for the post against Koirala but was defeated.

The Later Part of His Politics

At that time, the Maoist people’s war had taken hold in the country. The non-cooperation of the king and the army was also increasing in the Congress. The UML had besieged the parliament for 57 days, forcing the party president Girija Prasad Koirala to resign in June 2058 BS. He defeated Sushil Koirala and became a leader. With a party majority in parliament, he became prime minister for the second time.

Along with the political events, on January 6, 2006, Gyanendra took power by removing Deuba for the second time through the ‘Royal Coup’. At that time, Girija Prasad Koirala was preparing for a people’s movement against Gyanendra along with the Maoists. After the restoration of the parliament, Girija Prasad once again came to the forefront of discussions in Nepali politics. After this, Deuba merged with Koirala and returned to the original party.

After five decades in Nepali Congress politics and at the age of seventy, B.Sc. Deuba defeated party vice president Ram Chandra Poudel in the 13th general convention of 2072 BS and became the party president of Nepali Congress.

He was the Vice President of Socialist International from 2008 to 2012. He has been the International Vice President of the organization since 2013. During the democratic movement, he has repeatedly spent nine years in prison.

Prime Minister Deuba has visited India, China, Bhutan, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Japan, Qatar, South Korea, United Kingdom, Germany, Norway, France, Thailand, Greece, Belgium, United States, Colombia, Denmark, Australia and other countries.

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Girija Prasad Koirala,Man must die after birth. This is a very true thing. No one has come into this world unwillingly. Some will leave this world soon. Some will be slow, but not limited to this. In human life, The person will always be immortal. A few words commemorating the tragic day of the late Girija Prasad Koirala, a person who has dedicated his life for the country and the people in the history of Nepali politics. We offer my heartfelt homage to him during the day.

The political career, who was hailed as a man of the age, a man of great stature, a great hero and a state leader, started with the establishment of the Nepal Mazdoor Congress in 2004 BS. Divya is the youngest son of Koirala. She was born on July 4, 1924 in a village called Teddy in Saharsa district of Bihar, India. He was married to Sushma Koirala and has an only daughter, Sujata Koirala.

Girija Prasad Koirala : Political Life

He was arrested and imprisoned after King Mahendra overthrew democracy in 2017 BS. After his release from prison in 2024 BS, he went to India with his cadres and returned to Nepal in 2035 BS. Koirala, who played a major role in the movement of 2046 BS, had succeeded in establishing a multi-party system by kneeling before the Panchayat rulers.

Communist leaders including Iron Man Ganeshman Singh and Krishna Prasad Bhattarai had a great contribution and profound role in ending the Panchayat system at that time. The late Girija Prasad Koirala’s brothers Matrika Prasad Koirala and BP Koirala succeeded in becoming the Prime Minister of Nepal on the basis of their contribution to Nepal’s politics and Girija Babu did not lag behind in this task.

He was the Prime Minister of Nepal four times. He was the Prime Minister of Nepal four times from 1991 to 1994, 1998 to 1999, 2000 to 2001, and He was the Prime Minister from 2006 to 2008. He was the first elected Prime Minister since 1959. He was a trusted figure in Nepal’s politics.

The Contribution in Nepali Politics

He was the Prime Minister of Nepal four times. He was the Prime Minister of Nepal four times from 1991 to 1994, 1998 to 1999, 2000 to 2001, and He was the Prime Minister from 2006 to 2008. He was the first elected Prime Minister since 1959. He was a trusted figure in Nepal’s politics.

Expressing dissatisfaction with the 2047 constitution, Koirala played a pivotal role in ending the 10-year people’s war of those who became Maoists and entered the jungle.

He succeeded in establishing democracy with the end of the monarchy by playing a major role in the democratic movement of 7 political parties in 2062/2063 BS. He succeeded in returning the rights of the people from the king to the people. He used to say, “I will say what I say correctly and I will finish it.”

He demised on 7th of Chaitra 2066 at 12:10 PM at the age of 85. He will always be remembered in the history of Nepal.

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