He was repeatedly imprisoned and released. Later, the Rana expelled Krishna Prasad Koirala. Thus, while living in different places of the monastery, BP Koirala was born in the monastery. His primary education was in Purnia district of Bihar. He received his university level education at the Banaras Hindu University and his law degree from Calcutta. With the attainment of high school level education, the Quit India Movement against British imperialism was in full swing in India.

While living in exile in India, Krishna Prasad Koirala had no income and was struggling to support his family. At that time, he was attracted to Marxism as he was in a lower class position. By the time he graduated from college, he had become a member of the Communist Party of India. Later, the Quit India Movement and his father Krishna Prasad Koirala had good relations with Mahatma Gandhi, Jayaprakash Narayan and Ram Manohar Lohia. He continued to be influenced by the same philosophy till later. Later, his father Krishna Prasad Koirala was pardoned by the Rana government. He came to Biratnagar and started engaging in social service again. BP Koirala

He continued to raise public awareness against the Rana in Nepal by supporting the Indian freedom fighters. On this occasion, he was arrested again and brought to Kathmandu. He was ill when he was arrested. He was kept in an unhealthy jail in Kathmandu. He became more and more ill. Kushna Prasad died in 2001 while still in prison. This further increased the hatred against the Rana in the VP and he started organizing the expatriate Nepalis against the Rana rule. He had issued a statement from Darjeeling protesting against the execution of four martyrs in Nepal. From the time he studied in Calcutta, he started a struggle against the British. He was repeatedly imprisoned in Indian jails. Seeing the need for a struggling party, he took important initiatives in the establishment of the Nepali National Congress. BP Koirala

The Nepali National Congress was established together with the VP. At that time, all the celebrities of modern Nepal were in the Nepali National Congress. On this occasion, Biratnagar Jute Mill was the only city in Nepal which was and still is considered as an industrial city. There was no union in that. The first trade union was formed under his direction with his brother Girija Prasad Koirala as president and Manmohan Adhikari as general secretary. He came to Biratnagar to go on strike at Biratnagar Jute Mill and the first trade union was formed and went on strike. He was captured by the Rana ruler and taken to Dhankuta in the eastern region. BP Koirala

After being kept in Dhankuta, he was brought to Kathmandu on foot via Kathmandu-Bhojpur-Okhaldhunga-Ramechhap-Kavre. At that time, he was imprisoned in Nakhujel. He then went on a hunger strike in jail and was released from prison by the Rana under pressure from Mahatma Gandhi. Earlier, they had come to Kathmandu to organize underground. After Ganeshman Singh escaped from jail and reached Benaras, India via Makwanpur, they met and pledged to join the same party and overthrow the Rana regime. BP Koirala

VP had come to Kathmandu at the suggestion of Ganeshman Singh. When he came to Kathmandu, he met Surya Bahadur Bhardwaj, Prem Bahadur Kansakar, Shambhuram Shrestha and Gauri Bhakta Pradhan underground. While meeting him at Tyodtol, the spies of the Rana found out about him and went to catch him. He ran away from Kaushi and Chhanachana. But then Gauri Bhakta Pradhan was caught by the spies of the Rana and he spent about a year and a half in jail. Sundar Raj Chalise, Shambhuram Shrestha, Prem Bahadur Kansakar, Pushpalal, Sahna Pradhan, Snehalta Shrestha, Kamakshi Devi Rana and Mangaladevi Singh were the main hands in the Kathmandu Awakening. After his return to India, the then C-class Rana had formed the Prajatantra Congress with Mahendra Vikram Shah and Suvarna Shamsher as leaders. Dr. No matter how much Pushpalal mediated in the dispute between Regmi and him, no reconciliation could be reached. BP Koirala

On the contrary, he merged the Prajatantra Congress and the Nepali National Congress and established the Nepali Congress in April 2006. The party led by his brother Matrika Prasad Koirala and organized a conference in Virginia. The conference decided to wage an armed struggle against the Rana in Nepal and made his brother Matrika Prasad Koirala the Supreme Commander. Despite being the supreme commander of Matrika, he was more popular in the party and the army, and after the Rana surrendered in the 2007 revolution and the Delhi Accords were mediated by Nehru, an agreement was reached to form a Rana-Congress joint cabinet. Mohan Shamsher became the Prime Minister and he became the Home Minister with the second largest portfolio on behalf of the rebels. BP Koirala

Opposition to the Delhi Agreement

Pushpalal had already started the patriotic movement. Protests erupted in Kathmandu and student leader Chinia Kazi was killed. He later mentioned that he had resigned on moral grounds after the death of the Chinese Qazi, among other things. King Tribhuvan and his son Mahendra, who had fled Nepal for the next seven years, tried to establish a monarchy by raising people from different parties. Tribhuvan himself tried to thwart his own announcement to hold the Constituent Assembly by various conspiracies. Many parties and leaders participated in it knowingly or unknowingly. BP Koirala

At that time, the Nepali Congress was established under the leadership of Pushpalal. This had a strong impact on Nepali workers and farmers against the Delhi Agreement. It started the people’s movement to hold the Constituent Assembly elections. VP Koirala was in Chepuwa of Nehru and the then court. He decided to agitate against the conspiracy not to hold the Constituent Assembly elections. The first satyagraha took place in 2014 BS. The court was shocked by this and tried to reach an agreement. The VP did not agree to promulgate the constitution by holding elections to the Constituent Assembly and agreed to hold parliamentary elections in accordance with the constitution made by the commission with the right to mobilize the army in the hands of the king. VP made the biggest mistake for the first time in the history of the Nepali people’s movement. V.S. Parliamentary elections were held in 2015 BS. His party, the Nepali Congress, won a two-thirds majority. BP Koirala

King Mahendra did not expect the VP-led party to win so many seats in the elections. Therefore, Congress party parliamentary party leader V.P. The court had wished and conspired that no one else should be chosen. The court had promoted Suvarna Shamsher, but Suvarna Shamsher’s sensible attitude did not go unnoticed within the VP’s party. V.P. The leader of the parliamentary party was elected and became the prime minister. But it is said that King Mahendra was reluctant to swear in him. After becoming the Prime Minister, he started some good reform work. For example, he believed that in a democracy, the judiciary should be independent and dignified, and that the salary of the Chief Justice should be slightly higher than that of the Prime Minister and that of the Supreme Court should be slightly higher than that of the Minister. This will prevent corruption in the judiciary and control corruption in other parts of the government. BP Koirala

VP brought Raja Rajauta Abolition Act all over the country and Raja Rajauta was abolished. They nationalized the forests and other natural resources in their possession. The Rana nationalized the Birtajagga Birta Abolition Act by giving it to their brothers-in-law and employees or priests. Apart from this, the Cabinet decided to implement the land reform program started by Tanka Prasad Acharya in 2013 BS with a more pro-people lower limit and drafted the Land Act and submitted it to the Parliament. BP Koirala

This was a form of revolutionary land reform. Thus the Birta Abolition Act, the Revolutionary Land Reform Act, the Anti-Untouchability Act, the Forest Nationalization Act, all these reform movements and laws enraged the feudal class and uplifted the then king. On the 1st of Poush 2017, with the help of the army, the king arrested the elected prime minister. Thapathali’s youth party arrested him from the conference and declared a state of emergency. Six months later, he was placed in the Sundarijal Army barracks. He was not even allowed to meet anyone. He remained confident in favor of people’s democracy.BP Koirala

VP was kept in jail for 8 years from 2017 BS to 2025 BS. He was released from jail in 2025 BS and went to Biratnagar. He gave a speech at the Elite Club of Biratnagar to restore multi-party democracy. In Biratnagar’s Bargachhi magazine, he said that the remnants of the monarchy in Nepal have always had to deal with democracy and that a republic should be established in Nepal. Then he migrated to India. From the migration to India, all kinds of armed and unarmed struggles started. BP Koirala

The Chitwan and Okhaldhunga scandals are examples of this. After being chased by Indira Gandhi to India, he entered Nepal with a strategy of national reconciliation. The Nepalese government imprisoned him again. Later, when King Virendra left for treatment, he went to America for treatment. On his return, the monarchy hanged his followers Captain Yagya Bahadur Thapa and Bhim Narayan Shrestha. On this occasion, General Ziaul Haq hanged Pakistan’s popular leader Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. In protest, the student movement in Nepal took an extreme form. The king announced a referendum. V.P. Decided to participate in the referendum. BP Koirala

If the Communists and the Congress had campaigned unanimously at that time, the multi-party system would have won the election. He decided not to agree with the communists. Separately, the multi-party system was defeated and a constitution with a non-party system was drafted. The VP made the third mistake by accepting the constitution. The author of this line had a direct meeting with VP Koirala. In that movement, the right-wing Jana Sangh and the left-wing Naxalite Communist Party were united. Why don’t you do it here? There could have been working unity with the Pushpalal group and the Manmohan group, but that’s all . BP Koirala

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If you look at the lives of the great people of the world, it seems to be a struggle. Even when we look at the life story of Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala, we find it conflicting. He was born surgically. In September 1971, Krishna Prasad Koirala’s youngest wife, Divya Koirala, gave birth to Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala (by surgery) in Vanaras. Nwaranma Pandit had named her Chudamani. Kalidasa was not satisfied with this name and named him BP Koirala.

This name became famous all over the world. Bishweshwar spent his childhood in Chandragunj, but his stay in Chandragunj did not last long because he felt pity for Krishna Prasad Koirala’s delicate condition. He informed Chandra Shamsher about the condition of the people of the country.

After Chandra Shamsher saw this parcel, Krishna Prasad was able to leave for India with a hint as to what action would be taken against him. His universal government deprived him. At this time, the Koirala family had to become proletarian and Bishweshwar had to move to Vanaras with his family at the age of 11. As a child, the settlement of the universe did not remain stable. When he was in Vanaras, when in Calcutta, when in Vetiya, etc., his childhood life became cyclical. There was also the problem of eating. Sometimes he  had to spend day and night eating Grams.

Student Life of BP Koirala

BP Koirala, who was on a journey of a difficult life, also remained on a difficult journey. When a person suffers from stomach problems. What is left but food? It is said that his family was in such a miserable condition that when he got sick and had sores all over his body, he did not even have the money to buy anesthesia. He had to undergo surgery without any medicine. The operation was not successful and he had to go to Calcutta again. After the successful operation in Calcutta,BP koirala  returned to Banaras.

Bishweshwar did not get much study environment but he was brave. While living in Vanaras, he had to carry the burden of the poor and after his father bought land in Tedhi, V.P. I also had to come to the crooked. Half of his adolescence was spent in the BP’s crookedness.He wanted to study in Valnaras but Krishna Prasad Koirala could not afford it.

Looking at the economic condition of the Koirala family, he was prosperous at the beginning, but due to the bitterness between him and Chandrashamsher, he became a foreigner. From that point onwards, the economic life of the Koirala family remained difficult. While living in Vetiya, everyone was forced to wash their flour and eat it. It is said that when Harihar died, he did not even have money to buy a blanket. I had to sell magazines to support myself. When Chandra Shamsher died and Bhim Shamsher became a minister, Krishna Prasad returned to Nepal.

Again he went into business and his financial situation improved. Just as the family had to deal with a difficult situation, it was natural for the VP to be affected. From an early age, he was a courageous, obedient and respectful parent.

BP Koirala : Education

BP Koirala’s study started from Benaras. After coming to Tedhi, Krishna Prasad bought land in Tedhi (Hajiko Wag) and built a school and a dormitory. The study of the universe began well here.  He wanted to go to Benaras from Tedhi. Due to the inability to pay for her travel expenses, her aunt and sister-in-law, Nalini, who was with her mother, also gave her money to solve the problem. Proceeds from the sale of the gold were enrolled in the school.

BP Koirala passed matriculation in second class. After passing matriculation, Krishna Prasad wanted to study from Calcutta, but he  considered Vanaras better than Calcutta and he started studying in Vanaras. He also passed 12 from Vanaras. In 1934, he  graduated in political science. He also had a bachelor’s degree in law.

 Marriage

BP Koirala’s marriage was also a simple affair. He was married to Shushila, the daughter of Kamal Prasad, the governor of Jhapa. Even after getting married, VP’s financial situation was very poor. He got married to his friend Devendra for four hundred rupees. Both parents were not present at the his  wedding. Marital life was also happy. She gave birth to three sons and two daughters. The sons are Prakash, Sriharsha and Shashank, while one of the daughters died and the other survived.

BP Koirala’s  political life

The beginning of BP Koirala’s politics is also mysterious. He first appeared in Terrorism. He was imprisoned for four months (1930) on charges of murder, violence and robbery in Vetiya. Motihari’s name was also involved in the robbery, but he did not participate in it and was cleared. His political influence was first felt in Marxism. He also went to Bombay and studied the works of Marxism. Krishna Prasad belonged to the Congress organization.

Even in politics, Krishna Prasad’s mark was on BP Koirala. While living in Patna, he came in contact with Indian leaders like Narendra, Lohia and JP. Later, due to their contact with VP. He also joined the party. In India, when the British were told to leave India. At that time He even went to jail several times. The British had to leave India. India became independent. The Indian movement also had an impact on the Kshemi country. Nepali people also wanted to be free from the atrocities committed by Rana in Nepal.

On June 7, 1993, the Nepali people opened an organization called Praja Parishad for liberation. This was also closely monitored by the Rana. VP knew this secret. Feeling the organization, he published the news of the magazine ‘Searchlight’ coming out of Patna asking people who are interested in bringing democracy in Nepal to come in contact with me. With this news, interested Nepalis started coming closer to the him. It was decided to open an ad hoc committee in Vanaras. Vice President Balachandra Sharma and BP Koirala An ad hoc committee was formed to be the coordinator.

There was also a labor movement in Nepal. In this movement also, He was arrested. On the one hand, the country’s movement was to move forward and on the other hand, there was tension in the party. The party also split. One party was led by Dillerman Regmi. Among the Rana’s who were vying to become the Prime Minister of the country, Padrim Shamsher resigned from the ministry and Mohan Shamsher became the Prime Minister. On the one hand, the Rana were divided into A, B, C and Burg. Subarna  Shamsher was taken out by Juddha Shamsher.

After his release, he called for a struggle, seeing that restoring democracy in the country would not be possible without a struggle. An agreement was reached in Delhi in 2007 and a democratic government was formed with Mohan Shamsher as the Prime Minister. He became the Home Minister. This cabinet was not very sustainable. In 2008, Matrika Prasad became the Prime Minister. Dissatisfaction began to increase in Matrika and BP Koirala. Leaning towards Matrika’s palace and opening a separate party, the socialist economy desired  was implemented in the sixth general convention of the NC.

Although he wanted the Constituent Assembly elections, the king changed the prime minister and announced parliamentary elections. He studied the situation and accepted the election. The election has taken place. The NC brought in the majority and he  became the Prime Minister. There was a big conspiracy to overthrow the NC government. Leaders including BP Koirala were arrested while delivering the inaugural speech of Tarun Dal on April 20, 2017. Parties were banned. Mahendra did not listen to the pressure of the international community.

 Literary journey

If you look at the life of a BP Koirala, it is not enough to just look at his political contribution. His literary contribution should also be studied. Before writing Nepali literature, he was interested in studying English and Hindi fiction novels. He had a growing relationship with Shantipriya Dwivedi, Ram Krishna Das, Jaishankar, Maithili Sharan Gupta, Sumitranandan Pant and Munshi Premchandra.

Since he is not only a study of works but also a practice of putting them into practice, we find him sometimes as a Freudian, sometimes as a shadowy, sometimes as a sexist, sometimes as a psychologist, sometimes as an idealist, sometimes as a mystic, sometimes as a spiritualist, sometimes as a destinyist. He also started writing in Hindi. He started writing at the young age of 16. ‘Chandravadan’ is his first story in Nepali.

‘Tin Ghumti’, ‘Narendra Dai’, ‘Sumnima’, ‘Modi’, ‘Hitler and the Jews’ and ‘Father, Mother and Son’ are VP’s novels. He has left us. He is not only a poet, essayist, storyteller, novelist but also a philosopher.

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