BP Koirala : The Cornerstone Of Socialism And BP Koirala
BP Koirala
BP Koirala : Nepali Civilization National Awakening and the most popular name of the democratic movement to empower the people is VP. Koirala. These V.S. Krishna Prasad Koirala and Divya Koirala were born in 1971 in Saharsha district of Bihar, India. His father was expelled from Sindhuli district for building the tallest house in Dumja, now Sindhuli district, and moved to Morang district. The Rana had snatched him from the government job (subba) saying that he had links with the leaders of the Indian freedom struggle.
He was repeatedly imprisoned and released. Later, the Rana expelled Krishna Prasad Koirala. Thus, while living in different places of the monastery, BP Koirala was born in the monastery. His primary education was in Purnia district of Bihar. He received his university level education at the Banaras Hindu University and his law degree from Calcutta. With the attainment of high school level education, the Quit India Movement against British imperialism was in full swing in India.
While living in exile in India, Krishna Prasad Koirala had no income and was struggling to support his family. At that time, he was attracted to Marxism as he was in a lower class position. By the time he graduated from college, he had become a member of the Communist Party of India. Later, the Quit India Movement and his father Krishna Prasad Koirala had good relations with Mahatma Gandhi, Jayaprakash Narayan and Ram Manohar Lohia. He continued to be influenced by the same philosophy till later. Later, his father Krishna Prasad Koirala was pardoned by the Rana government. He came to Biratnagar and started engaging in social service again. BP Koirala
He continued to raise public awareness against the Rana in Nepal by supporting the Indian freedom fighters. On this occasion, he was arrested again and brought to Kathmandu. He was ill when he was arrested. He was kept in an unhealthy jail in Kathmandu. He became more and more ill. Kushna Prasad died in 2001 while still in prison. This further increased the hatred against the Rana in the VP and he started organizing the expatriate Nepalis against the Rana rule. He had issued a statement from Darjeeling protesting against the execution of four martyrs in Nepal. From the time he studied in Calcutta, he started a struggle against the British. He was repeatedly imprisoned in Indian jails. Seeing the need for a struggling party, he took important initiatives in the establishment of the Nepali National Congress. BP Koirala
The Nepali National Congress was established together with the VP. At that time, all the celebrities of modern Nepal were in the Nepali National Congress. On this occasion, Biratnagar Jute Mill was the only city in Nepal which was and still is considered as an industrial city. There was no union in that. The first trade union was formed under his direction with his brother Girija Prasad Koirala as president and Manmohan Adhikari as general secretary. He came to Biratnagar to go on strike at Biratnagar Jute Mill and the first trade union was formed and went on strike. He was captured by the Rana ruler and taken to Dhankuta in the eastern region. BP Koirala
After being kept in Dhankuta, he was brought to Kathmandu on foot via Kathmandu-Bhojpur-Okhaldhunga-Ramechhap-Kavre. At that time, he was imprisoned in Nakhujel. He then went on a hunger strike in jail and was released from prison by the Rana under pressure from Mahatma Gandhi. Earlier, they had come to Kathmandu to organize underground. After Ganeshman Singh escaped from jail and reached Benaras, India via Makwanpur, they met and pledged to join the same party and overthrow the Rana regime. BP Koirala
VP had come to Kathmandu at the suggestion of Ganeshman Singh. When he came to Kathmandu, he met Surya Bahadur Bhardwaj, Prem Bahadur Kansakar, Shambhuram Shrestha and Gauri Bhakta Pradhan underground. While meeting him at Tyodtol, the spies of the Rana found out about him and went to catch him. He ran away from Kaushi and Chhanachana. But then Gauri Bhakta Pradhan was caught by the spies of the Rana and he spent about a year and a half in jail. Sundar Raj Chalise, Shambhuram Shrestha, Prem Bahadur Kansakar, Pushpalal, Sahna Pradhan, Snehalta Shrestha, Kamakshi Devi Rana and Mangaladevi Singh were the main hands in the Kathmandu Awakening. After his return to India, the then C-class Rana had formed the Prajatantra Congress with Mahendra Vikram Shah and Suvarna Shamsher as leaders. Dr. No matter how much Pushpalal mediated in the dispute between Regmi and him, no reconciliation could be reached. BP Koirala
On the contrary, he merged the Prajatantra Congress and the Nepali National Congress and established the Nepali Congress in April 2006. The party led by his brother Matrika Prasad Koirala and organized a conference in Virginia. The conference decided to wage an armed struggle against the Rana in Nepal and made his brother Matrika Prasad Koirala the Supreme Commander. Despite being the supreme commander of Matrika, he was more popular in the party and the army, and after the Rana surrendered in the 2007 revolution and the Delhi Accords were mediated by Nehru, an agreement was reached to form a Rana-Congress joint cabinet. Mohan Shamsher became the Prime Minister and he became the Home Minister with the second largest portfolio on behalf of the rebels. BP Koirala
Opposition to the Delhi Agreement
Pushpalal had already started the patriotic movement. Protests erupted in Kathmandu and student leader Chinia Kazi was killed. He later mentioned that he had resigned on moral grounds after the death of the Chinese Qazi, among other things. King Tribhuvan and his son Mahendra, who had fled Nepal for the next seven years, tried to establish a monarchy by raising people from different parties. Tribhuvan himself tried to thwart his own announcement to hold the Constituent Assembly by various conspiracies. Many parties and leaders participated in it knowingly or unknowingly. BP Koirala
At that time, the Nepali Congress was established under the leadership of Pushpalal. This had a strong impact on Nepali workers and farmers against the Delhi Agreement. It started the people’s movement to hold the Constituent Assembly elections. VP Koirala was in Chepuwa of Nehru and the then court. He decided to agitate against the conspiracy not to hold the Constituent Assembly elections. The first satyagraha took place in 2014 BS. The court was shocked by this and tried to reach an agreement. The VP did not agree to promulgate the constitution by holding elections to the Constituent Assembly and agreed to hold parliamentary elections in accordance with the constitution made by the commission with the right to mobilize the army in the hands of the king. VP made the biggest mistake for the first time in the history of the Nepali people’s movement. V.S. Parliamentary elections were held in 2015 BS. His party, the Nepali Congress, won a two-thirds majority. BP Koirala
King Mahendra did not expect the VP-led party to win so many seats in the elections. Therefore, Congress party parliamentary party leader V.P. The court had wished and conspired that no one else should be chosen. The court had promoted Suvarna Shamsher, but Suvarna Shamsher’s sensible attitude did not go unnoticed within the VP’s party. V.P. The leader of the parliamentary party was elected and became the prime minister. But it is said that King Mahendra was reluctant to swear in him. After becoming the Prime Minister, he started some good reform work. For example, he believed that in a democracy, the judiciary should be independent and dignified, and that the salary of the Chief Justice should be slightly higher than that of the Prime Minister and that of the Supreme Court should be slightly higher than that of the Minister. This will prevent corruption in the judiciary and control corruption in other parts of the government. BP Koirala
VP brought Raja Rajauta Abolition Act all over the country and Raja Rajauta was abolished. They nationalized the forests and other natural resources in their possession. The Rana nationalized the Birtajagga Birta Abolition Act by giving it to their brothers-in-law and employees or priests. Apart from this, the Cabinet decided to implement the land reform program started by Tanka Prasad Acharya in 2013 BS with a more pro-people lower limit and drafted the Land Act and submitted it to the Parliament. BP Koirala
This was a form of revolutionary land reform. Thus the Birta Abolition Act, the Revolutionary Land Reform Act, the Anti-Untouchability Act, the Forest Nationalization Act, all these reform movements and laws enraged the feudal class and uplifted the then king. On the 1st of Poush 2017, with the help of the army, the king arrested the elected prime minister. Thapathali’s youth party arrested him from the conference and declared a state of emergency. Six months later, he was placed in the Sundarijal Army barracks. He was not even allowed to meet anyone. He remained confident in favor of people’s democracy.BP Koirala
VP was kept in jail for 8 years from 2017 BS to 2025 BS. He was released from jail in 2025 BS and went to Biratnagar. He gave a speech at the Elite Club of Biratnagar to restore multi-party democracy. In Biratnagar’s Bargachhi magazine, he said that the remnants of the monarchy in Nepal have always had to deal with democracy and that a republic should be established in Nepal. Then he migrated to India. From the migration to India, all kinds of armed and unarmed struggles started. BP Koirala
The Chitwan and Okhaldhunga scandals are examples of this. After being chased by Indira Gandhi to India, he entered Nepal with a strategy of national reconciliation. The Nepalese government imprisoned him again. Later, when King Virendra left for treatment, he went to America for treatment. On his return, the monarchy hanged his followers Captain Yagya Bahadur Thapa and Bhim Narayan Shrestha. On this occasion, General Ziaul Haq hanged Pakistan’s popular leader Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. In protest, the student movement in Nepal took an extreme form. The king announced a referendum. V.P. Decided to participate in the referendum. BP Koirala
If the Communists and the Congress had campaigned unanimously at that time, the multi-party system would have won the election. He decided not to agree with the communists. Separately, the multi-party system was defeated and a constitution with a non-party system was drafted. The VP made the third mistake by accepting the constitution. The author of this line had a direct meeting with VP Koirala. In that movement, the right-wing Jana Sangh and the left-wing Naxalite Communist Party were united. Why don’t you do it here? There could have been working unity with the Pushpalal group and the Manmohan group, but that’s all . BP Koirala
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