Sentence र Summary Completion

सिक्ने लक्ष्य

• Sentence completion र summary completion का प्रकार चिन्ने।
• Word limit र “words from the passage” को नियम सही पालना गर्ने।
• Gap को grammar हेरेर उत्तरको शब्दवर्ग (noun, verb, adjective) predict गर्ने।
• Word box भएको summary मा paraphrase र distractor चिन्ने।

मुख्य व्याख्या

दुई प्रश्न प्रकार

नियम 1: Instruction नै सबैभन्दा पहिले

• “Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage” — एक वा दुई शब्द, passage मा जस्तो छ त्यस्तै। शब्दको रूप (form) बदल्नु हुँदैन।
• “Choose the correct letter, A–J” — शब्द होइन, अक्षर लेख्नुपर्छ।

नियम 2: Gap को grammar

उत्तर भरिएपछि वाक्य व्याकरणको हिसाबले मिल्नुपर्छ। Gap को अघि-पछि हेर्नुहोस्:

नियम 3: क्रम र location

• Sentence completion का उत्तरहरू प्रायः passage को क्रममा आउँछन्।
• Summary प्रायः passage को एउटा भाग (एक-दुई paragraph) को सार हुन्छ। Summary को पहिलो वाक्य पढेर त्यो भाग कहाँ सुरु हुन्छ भनेर पत्ता लगाउनुहोस्।

नियम 4: Paraphrase बुझ्नुहोस्

प्रश्नको वाक्य passage को वाक्यको paraphrase हुन्छ। तर तपाईंले भर्ने शब्द passage बाटै आउँछ (word box बाहेक)।

• Passage: “there is normally no charge for the repair itself”
• Summary: “the repair itself is usually ______” → word box मा free।

Word box का distractor

Box मा प्रायः एउटै शब्दवर्गका धेरै शब्द हुन्छन्, जुन grammar मा मिल्छन् तर अर्थमा मिल्दैनन्। Passage मा देखिएको शब्द box मा छ भन्दैमा सही हुँदैन — अर्थ जाँच्नुहोस्।

महत्वपूर्ण परिभाषा

• Sentence completion: Passage का शब्द प्रयोग गरी अधूरा वाक्य पूरा गर्ने प्रश्न।
• Summary completion: Passage को एउटा भागको सारांशमा खाली ठाउँ भर्ने प्रश्न।
• Word box: उत्तर छान्न दिइएको शब्दहरूको सूची।
• Word class: शब्दवर्ग — noun, verb, adjective, adverb।
• Exact words: Passage मा जस्तो छ ठ्याक्कै त्यही रूप।

उदाहरण

अभ्यास passage: Repair Cafés

A repair café is a free community event where people bring broken household items and volunteers help to fix them. The items range from toasters and lamps to bicycles and clothing. Visitors are not simply handed back a mended object; instead, they are encouraged to sit beside the volunteer and watch, or even help, so that they learn how to carry out simple repairs themselves.

Supporters argue that repair cafés tackle two problems at once. First, they reduce waste, because objects that would otherwise be thrown away are given a longer life. Second, they rebuild skills that many people have lost, such as sewing on a button or replacing a fuse.

The events depend almost entirely on volunteers, many of whom are retired engineers, electricians or tailors. Organisers usually provide tools and a few spare parts, while visitors may be asked to pay for any new parts their item needs. Although there is normally no charge for the repair itself, many cafés invite visitors to leave a small donation to cover the cost of renting the hall.

Not every item can be saved. Some modern products are glued together rather than screwed, which makes them difficult to open without causing further damage. Volunteers say that such designs are one of the biggest obstacles they face.

Sentence completion

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

1. Visitors watch the volunteer so that they can learn to do ______ themselves.
2. Repair cafés reduce waste by giving objects a ______.
3. Many volunteers used to work as engineers, electricians or ______.
4. Visitors may have to pay for any new ______.
5. Products that are ______ rather than screwed are hard to open.

Summary completion (word box)

Complete the summary. Choose the correct letter, A–J.

Repair cafés are run mainly by (6) ______ who give their time for nothing. Although the repair itself is usually (7) ______, visitors are often asked to make a (8) ______ that helps pay the (9) ______ of the venue. One of the main (10) ______ for helpers is that some products are designed in a way that makes them hard to open.

शब्दभण्डार

सामान्य गल्ती

सारांश

• सबैभन्दा पहिले instruction: कति शब्द, passage बाट कि box बाट?
• Gap को grammar ले उत्तरको शब्दवर्ग बताउँछ।
• Sentence completion प्रायः क्रममा; summary प्रायः passage को एउटा भागबाट।
• Passage बाटको उत्तर ठ्याक्कै सार्नुहोस्; box बाट अक्षर लेख्नुहोस्।
• उत्तर भरेपछि पूरा वाक्य पढेर अर्थ र grammar दुवै जाँच्नुहोस्।