वनस्पति विज्ञान – Botany – Botany MCQ

वनस्पति विज्ञान – Botany: प्रश्न र उत्तर

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सही: ० / ०

21. Which of the following correctly describes the role of mucilage in plants?

    कA) It provides structural support to the plant stem. खB) It acts as a protective barrier against pathogens. गC) It absorbs and retains large amounts of water, contributing to turgor pressure. घD) It facilitates the transport of nutrients throughout the plant.
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22. The phenomenon of CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) photosynthesis primarily allows plants to adapt to which environmental condition?

    कA) High light intensity and warm temperatures. खB) Cold temperatures and high humidity. गC) Drought conditions and arid climates. घD) Rapid growth during the rainy season.
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23. The phenomenon of apical dominance, where the main stem grows vigorously while lateral branches remain short, is primarily controlled by: (a) Ethylene produced by roots. (b) Cytokinin produced in shoot tips. (c) Gibberellin synthesized in fruits. (d) Auxin concentrated in root caps.

    कEthylene produced by roots. खCytokinin produced in shoot tips. गGibberellin synthesized in fruits. घAuxin concentrated in root caps.
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24. Which of the following correctly describes the role of guard cells in regulating stomatal aperture? (a) They open when carbon dioxide concentration increases. (b) They close when water potential decreases. (c) They respond to changes in light intensity and CO2 levels. (d) They are controlled solely by hormonal signals like abscisic acid.

    कThey open when carbon dioxide concentration increases. खThey close when water potential decreases. गThey respond to changes in light intensity and CO2 levels. घThey are controlled solely by hormonal signals like abscisic acid.
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25. The presence of a waxy cuticle on leaves is primarily adapted for: (a) Facilitating photosynthesis by increasing light absorption. (b) Reducing water loss through transpiration. (c) Increasing the surface area for gas exchange. (d) Providing structural support to the leaf blade.

    कFacilitating photosynthesis by increasing light absorption. खReducing water loss through transpiration. गIncreasing the surface area for gas exchange. घProviding structural support to the leaf blade.
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26. Which of the following statements best describes the role of CAM photosynthesis in plants? (a) It occurs simultaneously with normal C3 photosynthesis. (b) It is faster than C3 photosynthesis under all conditions. (c) It minimizes water loss by concentrating CO2 within specialized cells. (d) It relies on a cyclical exchange of carbon dioxide between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells.

    कIt occurs simultaneously with normal C3 photosynthesis. खIt is faster than C3 photosynthesis under all conditions. गIt minimizes water loss by concentrating CO2 within specialized cells. घIt relies on a cyclical exchange of carbon dioxide between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells.
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27. The primary function of phloem in plants is to: (a) Transport water and minerals from roots to stems and leaves. (b) Translocate sugars produced during photosynthesis from source to sink. (c) Provide structural support to the plant body. (d) Conduct electrical impulses throughout the plant.

    कTransport water and minerals from roots to stems and leaves. खTranslocate sugars produced during photosynthesis from source to sink. गProvide structural support to the plant body. घConduct electrical impulses throughout the plant.
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28. Which specific cellular structure is directly responsible for the formation of pollen grains in flowering plants?

    कa) The Golgi apparatus, which processes and packages proteins within the cell. खb) The endoplasmic reticulum, involved in synthesizing lipids and steroids. गc) The microsporangium (sporophyte), where meiosis occurs to produce haploid spores that develop into pollen grains. घd) The ribosomes, which are responsible for protein synthesis.
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29. The presence of cyanobacteria within the root nodules of leguminous plants contributes to nitrogen fixation by:

    कa) Directly converting atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. खb) Reducing nitrate ions to nitrite ions, which are then converted to ammonia. गc) Absorbing fixed nitrogen from the soil and transporting it to the plant roots. घd) Producing carbohydrates that stimulate nitrogen uptake by the plant roots.
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30. The term ‘heteroblasty’ refers to:

    कa) The development of identical structures from a single cell throughout an organism’s life cycle. खb) The differentiation of plant parts into different types of tissues at various stages of development, resulting in distinct morphologies. गc) The process of vegetative propagation where new plants arise directly from stems or roots. घd) The phenomenon observed in flowering plants where flower colour changes during maturation.
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