सिभिल इन्जिनियरिङ
सिभिल इन्जिनियरिङ
Civil Engineering · ५,१७१ प्रश्न
५,१७१ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
सिभिल इन्जिनियरिङ: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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Using Rankine's formula Df = (q/γ)[(1 − sinφ)/(1 + sinφ)]², the minimum depth of foundation for a pressure of 150 kPa on soil with γ = 18 kN/m³ and φ = 30° is about:
सही उत्तर: ख) 0.93 m
(1 − sin30°)/(1 + sin30°) = 1/3; Df = (150/18) × (1/3)² = 8.33/9 ≈ 0.93 m.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Punching shear failure of a foundation is most likely in:
सही उत्तर: क) Loose sand or soft, compressible soil
Punching failure occurs in loose or highly compressible soils with large settlement and no well-defined failure surface; dense soils fail in general shear.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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For a strip footing on the surface of a purely cohesive soil, Prandtl's (Skempton's) bearing capacity factor Nc is:
सही उत्तर: क) 5.14 (π + 2)
Prandtl's solution gives Nc = π + 2 ≈ 5.14 for φ = 0; Terzaghi's value 5.7 assumes a rough base.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A square footing rests at 1 m depth on saturated clay (c = 30 kPa, φ = 0, γ = 18 kN/m³). Using Terzaghi's factors Nc = 5.7, Nq = 1, the gross ultimate bearing capacity is about:
सही उत्तर: क) 240 kPa
qu = 1.3cNc + γDfNq = 1.3 × 30 × 5.7 + 18 × 1 × 1 = 222.3 + 18 ≈ 240 kPa (Nγ = 0 for φ = 0).
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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In Terzaghi's bearing capacity equation for a square footing, the cohesion term c·Nc is multiplied by:
सही उत्तर: क) 1.3
For square footings qu = 1.3cNc + γDfNq + 0.4γBNγ (circular: 1.3cNc + γDfNq + 0.3γBNγ).
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Weep holes are provided in retaining walls mainly to:
सही उत्तर: घ) Drain water from the backfill and reduce hydrostatic pressure
Weep holes relieve water pressure that would otherwise add to the earth pressure on the wall.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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For the same soil and wall, the correct order of earth pressure magnitudes is:
सही उत्तर: क) Active < at-rest < passive
Ka < K0 < Kp: the wall moving away from the soil gives the least (active) and moving into it gives the greatest (passive) pressure.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The critical height of an unsupported vertical cut in a purely cohesive soil with c = 20 kPa and γ = 20 kN/m³ is:
सही उत्तर: क) 4 m
Hc = 4c/γ = 4 × 20/20 = 4 m (twice the depth of tension cracks).
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A retaining wall 6 m high retains sand (Ka = 1/3) carrying a uniform surcharge of 20 kPa on its level surface. The additional active thrust per metre due to the surcharge is:
सही उत्तर: क) 40 kN
A surcharge q adds a uniform pressure Ka·q = 6.67 kPa over the full height: thrust = 6.67 × 6 = 40 kN/m.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A smooth vertical wall 4 m high is pushed against dry sand (γ = 18 kN/m³, φ = 30°) with level surface. The total Rankine passive resistance per metre run is:
सही उत्तर: ग) 432 kN
Kp = (1 + sin30°)/(1 − sin30°) = 3; Pp = ½·Kp·γ·H² = 0.5 × 3 × 18 × 16 = 432 kN/m.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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