सिभिल इन्जिनियरिङ
सिभिल इन्जिनियरिङ
Civil Engineering · ५,१७१ प्रश्न
५,१७१ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
सिभिल इन्जिनियरिङ: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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When dense sand is sheared under drained conditions, it generally:
सही उत्तर: क) Expands in volume (dilates)
Interlocked grains of dense sand must ride over each other, increasing volume (dilatancy); loose sand contracts.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Liquefaction during an earthquake is most likely in:
सही उत्तर: घ) Loose, saturated fine sands
Cyclic shaking makes loose saturated sand try to contract; pore pressure builds up, effective stress drops to near zero and the soil behaves like a liquid.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Skempton's pore pressure parameter B for a fully saturated soil is approximately:
सही उत्तर: घ) 1
In a saturated soil water is nearly incompressible compared with the soil skeleton, so an increase in cell pressure is fully taken by pore water (B ≈ 1).
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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For analysing the long-term stability of a slope in clay, the shear strength parameters should be obtained from the:
सही उत्तर: ग) Consolidated drained (CD) test
In the long term excess pore pressures dissipate, so effective-stress (drained) parameters from CD tests are appropriate.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A major drawback of the direct shear test is that:
सही उत्तर: ख) The failure plane is forced to be horizontal and drainage cannot be controlled
In the shear box the failure plane is predetermined and pore pressures cannot be measured or drainage controlled, unlike in triaxial tests.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A dry sand (c = 0, φ = 30°) is tested in a triaxial test with cell pressure 100 kPa. The major principal stress at failure is:
सही उत्तर: ग) 300 kPa
σ1 = σ3·tan²(45° + φ/2) = 100 × tan²60° = 100 × 3 = 300 kPa.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Installing vertical sand drains or prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) in a soft clay deposit mainly:
सही उत्तर: घ) Shortens the drainage path and speeds up consolidation
Drains reduce the drainage path length (mostly radial flow), so consolidation time, which varies with d², is greatly reduced.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Taylor's square-root-of-time fitting method is used in consolidation testing to determine the:
सही उत्तर: ख) Coefficient of consolidation (cv)
Taylor's √t method (like Casagrande's log-t method) fits the time–settlement curve to find t90 and hence cv.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The preconsolidation pressure of a clay from oedometer test data (e vs log σ') is commonly estimated by:
सही उत्तर: ख) Casagrande's graphical construction
Casagrande's construction (point of maximum curvature, tangent, bisector) locates σ'p on the e–log σ' curve; Taylor's method gives cv.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A clay has coefficient of consolidation cv = 1 × 10⁻⁷ m²/s and coefficient of volume compressibility mv = 2 × 10⁻⁴ m²/kN. Taking γw = 10 kN/m³, its coefficient of permeability is:
सही उत्तर: क) 2 × 10⁻¹⁰ m/s
k = cv·mv·γw = 10⁻⁷ × 2 × 10⁻⁴ × 10 = 2 × 10⁻¹⁰ m/s.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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