फार्माकोलोजी – Pharmacology MCQ
फार्माकोलोजी – अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय नर्सिङ
Pharmacology · International Nursing (NCLEX-RN, DHA, HAAD) · ४०८ प्रश्न
४०८ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
फार्माकोलोजी: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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Which pupil finding is typical of opioid overdose?
सही उत्तर: ग) Pinpoint pupils
Opioids cause miosis; coma, pinpoint pupils and respiratory depression form the classic triad. Dilated pupils suggest stimulants or anticholinergics.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which adverse effect of opioids does not develop tolerance and requires preventive measures?
सही उत्तर: ख) Constipation
Tolerance develops to sedation, nausea and respiratory depression but not constipation. A stool softener and stimulant laxative are usually prescribed.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Before giving morphine, which assessment finding would cause the nurse to hold the dose and notify the prescriber?
सही उत्तर: क) Respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min
Opioids depress the respiratory centre; a rate below about 12 breaths/min is concerning. Moderate pain is an indication for, not a contraindication to, the dose.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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What is the maximum recommended daily dose of acetaminophen (paracetamol) for a healthy adult?
सही उत्तर: घ) 4 grams
Healthy adults should not exceed 4 g/day; lower limits apply in liver disease or heavy alcohol use. Overdose causes hepatotoxicity.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Long-term NSAID use most commonly causes which serious adverse effect?
सही उत्तर: ग) Gastrointestinal bleeding
NSAIDs inhibit protective prostaglandins in the stomach lining, causing ulcers and bleeding. They should be taken with food, and kidney injury is another risk.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which early sign suggests salicylate (aspirin) toxicity?
सही उत्तर: ख) Tinnitus
Ringing in the ears is a classic early sign of salicylate toxicity. Other signs include hyperventilation, nausea and confusion.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Aspirin should be avoided in children with viral illnesses because of the risk of:
सही उत्तर: क) Reye syndrome
Reye syndrome causes acute encephalopathy and liver failure in children given aspirin during viral infections such as influenza or chickenpox. Paracetamol or ibuprofen is preferred for fever.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Low-dose aspirin is used for cardiovascular protection mainly because it:
सही उत्तर: घ) Inhibits platelet aggregation
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase in platelets, reducing thromboxane A2 for the platelet's lifespan. It does not dissolve existing clots like thrombolytics do.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which is an absolute contraindication to thrombolytic therapy such as alteplase?
सही उत्तर: ग) Active internal bleeding
Thrombolytics dissolve clots and can cause catastrophic bleeding. Active bleeding and prior hemorrhagic stroke are absolute contraindications.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which drug is the antidote for dabigatran?
सही उत्तर: ख) Idarucizumab
Idarucizumab is a monoclonal antibody fragment that binds dabigatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor. Vitamin K does not reverse direct oral anticoagulants.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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