फार्माकोलोजी – Pharmacology MCQ
फार्माकोलोजी – अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय नर्सिङ
Pharmacology · International Nursing (NCLEX-RN, DHA, HAAD) · ४०८ प्रश्न
४०८ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
फार्माकोलोजी: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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A patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is started on inhaled corticosteroids for bronchodilation. Which finding would MOST necessitate immediate intervention by the nurse?
सही उत्तर: घ) No change in respiratory symptoms
Inhaled corticosteroids, while beneficial, can exacerbate bronchospasm in susceptible individuals, particularly those with COPD. Significant worsening of respiratory symptoms is a critical indication requiring immediate attention to manage the potential adverse reaction. The other options represent expected or manageable side effects.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A nurse is administering intravenous heparin for a patient with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which laboratory test is MOST critical for monitoring the effectiveness and safety of this therapy?
सही उत्तर: ख) Prothrombin Time/International Normalized Ratio (PT/INR)
Heparin's primary mechanism involves inhibiting clotting factors. Monitoring PT/INR is essential because heparin influences the coagulation cascade, directly affecting this test. CBC and urine protein analysis are not primarily used to monitor heparin’s anticoagulant effects. Serum albumin level is unrelated.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient is prescribed amoxicillin for a bacterial infection. The patient also regularly consumes grapefruit juice. What potential interaction should the nurse primarily monitor for regarding this medication?
सही उत्तर: ख) Decreased bioavailability of the amoxicillin due to CYP3A4 inhibition
The patient’s consumption of grapefruit juice can inhibit CYP3A4, an enzyme responsible for metabolizing many drugs including amoxicillin. This results in decreased bioavailability and elevated drug levels, increasing the risk of adverse effects. The other options are less directly related to this specific interaction.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient diagnosed with Tuberculosis (TB) is prescribed Rifampin. Which statement by the patient requires IMMEDIATE intervention by the nurse?
सही उत्तर: ख) ‘I’ve noticed a yellowish discoloration of my saliva.’
The yellowish discoloration of saliva is a classic and concerning sign of Rifampin-induced tooth staining. While other responses may be side effects, this one indicates significant drug accumulation and requires immediate attention to prevent permanent damage. Other options are common but not immediately dangerous.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient receiving intravenous Furosemide (Lasix) for edema reports thirst and frequent urination. What is the MOST likely pharmacological mechanism responsible for these symptoms?
सही उत्तर: ख) Diuretic Action Reducing Water Retention
Furosemide's primary action as a loop diuretic leads to increased water excretion, causing thirst and frequent urination. The other options represent mechanisms related to different medications or physiological responses.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following is the MOST common side effect associated with the use of Metformin for type 2 diabetes?
सही उत्तर: ख) Weight Gain
Metformin is frequently linked to weight gain as a common adverse effect. While hypoglycemia, neuropathy and appetite can occur, they are less frequent than weight gain. Other options represent rarer side effects associated with Metformin.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient diagnosed with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. What key symptom should the nurse instruct the patient to report immediately?
सही उत्तर: क) Dry cough and dizziness.
A dry cough and dizziness are common side effects of lisinopril (an ACE inhibitor). The other options represent symptoms of different medications or unrelated conditions. The patient needs to be aware of these potential adverse reactions.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient with a history of asthma is prescribed salbutamol (albuterol) via nebulizer. Which of the following nursing interventions is MOST appropriate?
सही उत्तर: घ) Educating the patient on proper inhaler technique.
The primary nursing intervention is to educate the patient on proper inhaler (nebulizer) technique for optimal drug delivery. While monitoring blood pressure and administering corticosteroids may be necessary in certain situations, they are not the *most* appropriate initial action.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient with atrial fibrillation is newly started on warfarin sodium. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor MOST closely to assess the effectiveness of warfarin therapy?
सही उत्तर: ख) Prothrombin Time/International Normalized Ratio (PT/INR).
The PT/INR is the primary laboratory test used to monitor the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Maintaining an appropriate INR range is crucial for preventing both bleeding and clotting complications. Monitoring creatinine is important for kidney function assessment related to drug elimination.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient is prescribed ranitidine 150 mg twice daily for heartburn. Which of the following statements regarding the action of ranitidine is MOST accurate?
सही उत्तर: ख) Ranitidine inhibits the histamine H2 receptors, reducing gastric acid production.
Ranitidine is a histamine H2 receptor antagonist. It reduces gastric acid secretion by blocking these receptors. The other options describe actions of different medications (proton pump inhibitors or dopamine antagonists).
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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