चिकित्सा स्नातकोत्तर प्रवेश (MECEE-PG) MD / MS / MDS प्रवेश परीक्षा तयारी
चिकित्सा स्नातकोत्तर प्रवेश (MECEE-PG) – MD / MS / MDS प्रवेश परीक्षा
MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS · MECEE-PG (MD/MS/MDS)
२,८६५ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
MD/MS/MDS प्रवेश: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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A community health worker notices an increase in cases of acute gastroenteritis among children under five years old. Which of the following factors would be MOST relevant to investigate as a potential cause?
सही उत्तर: ख) B. Poor sanitation and hygiene practices, particularly related to water sources
Acute gastroenteritis is frequently caused by fecal contamination of food or water. Therefore, factors related to poor sanitation and hygiene (option B) are most pertinent. The other options present unlikely causal agents for this specific illness.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in Nepal was estimated at 3.4 per 1,000 population in 2023. What does ‘prevalence’ represent in this context?
सही उत्तर: ख) B. The total number of people living with active TB in the population
Prevalence refers to the proportion of a population that has a specific condition (TB in this case) at a given point in time. Option B is correct as it defines prevalence accurately - representing the total number of people living with active TB. The other options define different aspects of TB epidemiology.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A health worker is conducting a survey in a village and finds that out of 100 women of reproductive age, 25 have had at least one child. Of these mothers, 18 have two or more children. What is the average number of children per woman in this sample?
सही उत्तर: ख) 1.6
The correct answer (1.6) is calculated by dividing the total number of mothers with two or more children (18) by the number of women who have had at least one child (25). The other options are incorrect because they either miscalculate the average based on different data points, or overestimate/underestimate the proportion of mothers having multiple children.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following pathological conditions primarily involves chronic inflammation and fibrosis of the alveoli, leading to impaired gas exchange?
सही उत्तर: ग) Pulmonary Fibrosis
Pulmonary fibrosis is defined as a disease characterized by scarring and thickening of lung tissue due to long-term inflammation. The other options represent acute inflammatory processes with different mechanisms, whereas pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic pathological change.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following describes the primary focus of Community Medicine? (a) Diagnosing and treating individual diseases. (b) Promoting health and preventing disease through population-based interventions. (c) Conducting basic biomedical research in laboratories. (d) Managing finances and administrative aspects within a healthcare facility.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Promoting health and preventing disease through population-based interventions.
Community Medicine is fundamentally concerned with the overall health of populations. Option (b) accurately reflects this focus on prevention and public health initiatives, while the other options represent different medical specialties or management functions.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient is diagnosed with pneumonia following influenza infection. Histological examination of lung tissue reveals numerous neutrophils engulfed by macrophages, accompanied by signs of epithelial cell damage. Which of the following mechanisms BEST explains this observed pathology in 2076?\n(a) Viral replication within alveolar cells\n(b) Overstimulation of the complement cascade\n(c) Excessive release of cytokines from immune cells\n(d) Direct viral invasion of endothelial cells
सही उत्तर: घ) (d) Direct viral invasion of endothelial cells
The observed pathology – neutrophils and macrophage engulfment, epithelial damage – is characteristic of a severe inflammatory response to viral pneumonia. The excessive release of cytokines (like IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha) drives neutrophil recruitment and inflammation. Options (a), (b) and (d) represent other potential mechanisms in viral infection but don't fully explain the described tissue damage.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A dermatologist observes characteristic 'psammoma bodies' during the examination of a patient with chronic inflammatory bowel disease. What is the MOST likely underlying pathological process leading to their formation in 2075?\n(a) Excessive lipid deposition\n(b) Calcium phosphate crystal deposition\n(c) Bacterial biofilm accumulation\n(d) Reactive mesothelial cell proliferation
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Calcium phosphate crystal deposition
Psammoma bodies are calcified nodules, typically composed of calcium phosphate crystals. They're strongly associated with chronic inflammatory processes and ulceration, particularly in the gut where they form as a result of tissue necrosis and repair, leading to crystal deposition. Options (a), (c) and (d) are less directly related to their formation.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following mechanisms is primarily responsible for the selective toxicity of Vancomycin against Gram-positive bacteria in 2077?\n(a) Inhibition of bacterial DNA replication\n(b) Interference with peptidoglycan synthesis\n(c) Disruption of bacterial cell membrane integrity\n(d) Blocking bacterial protein translation
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Interference with peptidoglycan synthesis
Vancomycin binds to the D-Ala-D-Ala terminus of peptidoglycans, inhibiting its formation. This is highly selective for Gram-positive bacteria which synthesize this specific precursor. Options (a), (c), and (d) describe mechanisms that affect a broader range of organisms.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with severe abdominal pain, fever, and diarrhea following antibiotic use. Gram stain reveals gram-negative rods. A rapid urease test is positive. Which organism is MOST likely responsible for this patient’s symptoms in 2079?\n(a) *Escherichia coli*\n(b) *Klebsiella pneumoniae*\n(c) *Salmonella enterica*\n(d) *Clostridium difficile*
सही उत्तर: घ) (d) *Clostridium difficile*
*Clostridium difficile* is a common cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea due to disruption of the normal gut flora, producing urease and leading to positive rapid urease tests. While other gram-negative bacteria can cause similar symptoms, the positive rapid urease test strongly favors *C. difficile*. Options (a), (b) and (c) are all possible pathogens but lack this crucial diagnostic marker.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following pathological findings would most strongly suggest chronic granulomatous disease?\n(a) Presence of giant cells in a granuloma\n(b) Increased neutrophil apoptosis\n(c) Absence of eosinophils in the affected tissue\n(d) High levels of IgG antibodies\n
सही उत्तर: क) (a) Presence of giant cells in a granuloma
Chronic Granulomatous Disease is characterized by defects in NADPH oxidase, leading to impaired oxidative killing of ingested microorganisms. This manifests as recurrent infections and granuloma formation. Option (b), increased neutrophil apoptosis, is a common consequence of immune dysfunction, but doesn’t specifically point to the disease. Options (c) and (d) are less directly linked.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
यी अभ्यास प्रश्न हुन्, आधिकारिक प्रश्न होइनन्। पाठ्यक्रम, विज्ञापन र नतिजाका लागि सम्बन्धित निकायको आधिकारिक वेबसाइट हेर्नुहोस्। उत्तरमा गल्ती भेटे प्रश्नमुनिको "टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट" मा लेख्नुहोस्।
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