स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)
स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)
MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · २,८६५ प्रश्न
२,८६५ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
MD/MS प्रवेश: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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AL amyloid, seen in plasma cell dyscrasias, is derived from:
सही उत्तर: ग) Immunoglobulin light chains
AL (amyloid light chain) protein is made of immunoglobulin light chains, usually lambda, produced by monoclonal plasma cells. AA amyloid is derived from serum amyloid A in chronic inflammation.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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On Congo red staining viewed under polarised light, amyloid shows:
सही उत्तर: ख) Apple-green birefringence
Amyloid binds Congo red (pink-red under ordinary light) and shows apple-green birefringence under polarised light due to its cross-beta-pleated sheet structure. Maltese cross birefringence is seen with lipid droplets.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Psammoma bodies are characteristically seen in:
सही उत्तर: क) Papillary carcinoma of thyroid
Psammoma bodies are concentric laminated calcifications (dystrophic calcification) typical of papillary carcinoma of thyroid; they also occur in serous ovarian tumours and meningioma. Medullary carcinoma shows amyloid stroma instead.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The initiator caspase of the extrinsic (death receptor) pathway of apoptosis is:
सही उत्तर: घ) Caspase-8
Death receptor (Fas/TNF receptor) activation recruits FADD and activates caspase-8. Caspase-9 is the initiator of the intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathway and caspase-3 is an executioner caspase.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following nuclear changes indicates irreversible cell injury?
सही उत्तर: क) Karyorrhexis
Nuclear changes such as pyknosis, karyorrhexis (fragmentation) and karyolysis mark irreversible injury (necrosis). Cellular swelling and ER dilatation are reversible changes.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The type of necrosis characteristically seen in a cerebral infarct is:
सही उत्तर: ग) Liquefactive necrosis
Hypoxic death of brain tissue produces liquefactive necrosis because the brain is rich in lipids and lysosomal enzymes digest the dead cells. Coagulative necrosis is the pattern of infarcts in solid organs such as heart and kidney.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Western blotting is used to detect:
सही उत्तर: क) Proteins
Western blot separates proteins by electrophoresis and detects them with labelled antibodies (e.g. confirmatory HIV testing). Southern blot detects DNA and Northern blot detects RNA.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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In sickle cell disease, the mutation in the beta-globin chain results in substitution of:
सही उत्तर: ग) Glutamic acid by valine at position 6
A point mutation replaces hydrophilic glutamate with hydrophobic valine at position 6, causing HbS to polymerise when deoxygenated. Replacement by lysine at the same position produces HbC.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which amino acid is purely ketogenic?
सही उत्तर: घ) Leucine
Leucine and lysine are the only purely ketogenic amino acids, being degraded to acetyl-CoA or acetoacetate. Alanine, glycine and serine are glucogenic, forming pyruvate.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following is NOT a coenzyme of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
सही उत्तर: घ) Biotin
PDH uses thiamine pyrophosphate, lipoic acid, coenzyme A, FAD and NAD+. Biotin is the coenzyme for carboxylases such as pyruvate carboxylase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
यी अभ्यास प्रश्न हुन्, आधिकारिक प्रश्न होइनन्। पाठ्यक्रम, विज्ञापन र नतिजाका लागि सम्बन्धित निकायको आधिकारिक वेबसाइट हेर्नुहोस्। उत्तरमा गल्ती भेटे प्रश्नमुनिको "टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट" मा लेख्नुहोस्।
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