आधारभूत विज्ञान (Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry) – Basic Sciences MCQ
आधारभूत विज्ञान (Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry) – MD/MS प्रवेश
Basic Sciences · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ४३३ प्रश्न
४३३ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
आधारभूत विज्ञान (Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry): प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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Pellagra-like skin rash with neutral aminoaciduria, due to defective intestinal and renal absorption of tryptophan, is seen in:
सही उत्तर: घ) Hartnup disease
Hartnup disease is a defect of the neutral amino acid transporter; tryptophan loss reduces niacin synthesis, giving pellagra-like features.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Kinky (steely) hair, neurodegeneration and low serum copper and caeruloplasmin in an infant boy are due to mutation of:
सही उत्तर: क) ATP7A (Menkes disease)
Menkes disease is an X-linked defect of the ATP7A copper transporter, causing copper deficiency in tissues; ATP7B mutation causes Wilson disease (copper excess).
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A cherry-red spot on the macula with progressive neurodegeneration but NO hepatosplenomegaly in an infant is typical of:
सही उत्तर: ख) Tay–Sachs disease
Tay–Sachs (hexosaminidase A deficiency, GM2 gangliosidosis) causes a cherry-red spot without organomegaly; Niemann–Pick has a cherry-red spot with hepatosplenomegaly.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Gaucher disease, the most common lysosomal storage disorder, is due to deficiency of:
सही उत्तर: ग) Glucocerebrosidase (β-glucosidase)
Glucocerebroside accumulates in macrophages ('crumpled tissue paper' Gaucher cells), causing hepatosplenomegaly and bone lesions.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Self-mutilation, hyperuricaemia and choreoathetosis in a boy suggest deficiency of:
सही उत्तर: घ) Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT)
Lesch–Nyhan syndrome is an X-linked defect of the purine salvage enzyme HGPRT, leading to excess purine synthesis and uric acid.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Hereditary fructose intolerance, with hypoglycaemia and vomiting after eating fruit, is due to deficiency of:
सही उत्तर: घ) Aldolase B
Aldolase B deficiency traps fructose-1-phosphate, depleting phosphate and inhibiting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis; fructokinase deficiency (essential fructosuria) is benign.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Maple syrup urine disease is due to a defect in the metabolism of:
सही उत्तर: ग) Branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine)
Deficiency of branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase causes accumulation of branched-chain keto acids, giving the urine a sweet smell.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Urine that turns black on standing, with later ochronosis and arthritis, is caused by deficiency of:
सही उत्तर: ख) Homogentisate oxidase
In alkaptonuria, homogentisic acid accumulates, oxidises to a dark pigment in urine and deposits in connective tissue (ochronosis).
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Pompe disease, which presents with cardiomegaly and hypotonia in infancy, is due to deficiency of:
सही उत्तर: क) Lysosomal acid α-1,4-glucosidase (acid maltase)
Pompe disease (type II) is a lysosomal glycogen storage disease that particularly affects heart and skeletal muscle.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A young man has muscle cramps and myoglobinuria on exercise, with no rise in blood lactate on ischaemic forearm exercise. The deficient enzyme is:
सही उत्तर: घ) Muscle glycogen phosphorylase (McArdle disease)
In McArdle disease (type V), muscle cannot break down glycogen during exercise, so lactate fails to rise and cramps with myoglobinuria follow.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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