आधारभूत विज्ञान (Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry) – Basic Sciences MCQ
आधारभूत विज्ञान (Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry) – MD/MS प्रवेश
Basic Sciences · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ४३३ प्रश्न
४३३ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
आधारभूत विज्ञान (Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry): प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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Which of the following best describes the function of mitochondria within a cell? (a) Protein synthesis (b) Lipid storage (c) Energy production through cellular respiration (d) Waste disposal
सही उत्तर: ग) (c) Energy production through cellular respiration
Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, performing oxidative phosphorylation to convert glucose and other fuel molecules into ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the primary energy currency. Options (a), (b), and (d) represent different cellular processes.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The process of gluconeogenesis primarily occurs in which organ? (a) Small Intestine (b) Liver (c) Pancreas (d) Kidney
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Liver
Gluconeogenesis, the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors, is predominantly carried out by the liver. The small intestine contributes to glucose absorption, the pancreas produces insulin and glucagon, and the kidney plays a role in fluid and electrolyte balance.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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In humans, which enzyme is most directly responsible for catalyzing the conversion of glucose to pyruvate during glycolysis? (a) Lactase (b) Hexokinase (c) Amylase (d) Lipase
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Hexokinase
Hexokinase is the first enzyme in glycolysis, directly catalyzing the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. Options (a), (c), and (d) represent enzymes involved in different metabolic pathways – lactose digestion, starch breakdown, and fat metabolism, respectively.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following statements accurately describes the primary function of the sinoatrial node (SAN)? (a) To filter blood returning to the heart. (b) To initiate and regulate the heartbeat, setting the rhythm for the atria. (c) To increase cardiac output during exercise. (d) To receive electrical signals from the ventricles.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) To initiate and regulate the heartbeat, setting the rhythm for the atria.
The SAN, also known as the pacemaker of the heart, generates spontaneous electrical impulses that trigger atrial contraction. Options (a), (c), and (d) represent other functions or locations within the cardiovascular system. Option (b) correctly identifies the SAN's role.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following best describes the role of microtubules in neuronal axon transport?
सही उत्तर: ख) Facilitating the movement of organelles towards the cell body
Microtubules form the primary tracks or “railways” along which kinesin and dynein motor proteins transport organelles, vesicles, and other cargo from the neuronal cell body to the axon terminal – supporting axon shape maintenance.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with elevated serum levels of creatine kinase (CK) along with muscle pain and weakness. Which of the following conditions is MOST likely?
सही उत्तर: ग) Myositis due to autoimmune response
Elevated CK levels are a hallmark of myositis, particularly when caused by an autoimmune response targeting muscle tissue. The other options do not typically cause elevated CK levels.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following enzymes is directly involved in the urea cycle?
सही उत्तर: ग) Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I catalyzes the first committed step of the urea cycle, converting ammonia and bicarbonate to carbamoyl phosphate. The other enzymes are involved in glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, or related metabolic pathways.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The primary function of osteocalcin, a bone matrix protein, is related to:
सही उत्तर: ख) Regulation of blood calcium levels through phosphate binding
Osteocalcin plays a significant role in regulating blood calcium levels by binding to phosphates. While involved in bone remodeling, its primary action relates to calcium homeostasis – making it the correct answer.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following best describes the primary function of the intercalated cells in the kidney’s medulla?
सही उत्तर: ग) Secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions
Intercalated cells are specialized cells within the distal convoluted tubules of the nephron that actively secrete potassium and hydrogen ions into the tubular fluid, playing a crucial role in acid-base regulation. The other options describe functions of different cell types within the kidney.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following best describes the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in regulating blood pressure?
सही उत्तर: ग) It controls sodium and water balance, leading to increased blood volume and pressure.
The RAAS is a hormonal system that regulates blood volume and pressure primarily through the production of angiotensin II, which causes vasoconstriction and promotes aldosterone release (which increases sodium reabsorption).
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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