मेडिसिन – Medicine MCQ
मेडिसिन – MD/MS प्रवेश
Medicine · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ५४२ प्रश्न
५४२ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
मेडिसिन: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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The first-line treatment of torsades de pointes is:
सही उत्तर: ग) Intravenous magnesium sulfate
Magnesium sulfate is first-line for torsades even when serum magnesium is normal. Amiodarone, sotalol and procainamide prolong the QT interval and can worsen it.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A haemodynamically stable patient has regular narrow-complex SVT that persists after vagal manoeuvres. The drug of choice is:
सही उत्तर: ख) Intravenous adenosine
Adenosine transiently blocks AV nodal conduction and terminates most re-entrant SVTs. Lidocaine is a ventricular antiarrhythmic and has no role in SVT.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A short PR interval with a slurred upstroke of the QRS (delta wave) is seen in:
सही उत्तर: क) Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome
In WPW an accessory pathway (bundle of Kent) pre-excites the ventricle, producing a short PR and delta wave. First-degree block has a prolonged PR.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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ST elevation in leads II, III and aVF indicates infarction of which wall, usually supplied by which artery?
सही उत्तर: घ) Inferior wall – right coronary artery
Leads II, III and aVF face the inferior wall, which is usually supplied by the right coronary artery. Anterior MI shows changes in V1–V4 (LAD territory).
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Serum calcium is 7.6 mg/dL and albumin is 2.0 g/dL. The albumin-corrected calcium is:
सही उत्तर: ग) 9.2 mg/dL
Corrected Ca = measured Ca + 0.8 × (4.0 − albumin) = 7.6 + 0.8 × 2 = 9.2 mg/dL, which is normal. Low albumin lowers total but not ionised calcium.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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In metabolic acidosis with HCO₃⁻ of 12 mmol/L, Winter's formula predicts an expected PaCO₂ of about:
सही उत्तर: ख) 26 ± 2 mmHg
Winter's formula: expected PaCO₂ = 1.5 × HCO₃⁻ + 8 ± 2 = 1.5 × 12 + 8 = 26 ± 2 mmHg. A higher measured PaCO₂ indicates a coexisting respiratory acidosis.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient has Na⁺ 140, Cl⁻ 100 and HCO₃⁻ 10 mmol/L. The serum anion gap is:
सही उत्तर: क) 30 mmol/L
Anion gap = Na⁺ − (Cl⁻ + HCO₃⁻) = 140 − 110 = 30 mmol/L, which is high (normal about 8–12). A high gap suggests ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, renal failure or toxins.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following causes a normal anion gap (hyperchloraemic) metabolic acidosis?
सही उत्तर: घ) Severe diarrhoea
Diarrhoea causes loss of bicarbonate with chloride retention, so the anion gap stays normal. DKA, lactic acidosis and methanol add unmeasured anions and raise the anion gap.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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In hyperkalaemia with ECG changes, the first drug given to stabilise the cardiac membrane is:
सही उत्तर: ग) Intravenous calcium gluconate
Calcium gluconate stabilises the myocardium within minutes but does not lower potassium. Insulin-dextrose then shifts potassium into cells.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Red blood cell casts in urine indicate:
सही उत्तर: ख) Glomerulonephritis
RBC casts form when red cells cross a damaged glomerulus and are moulded in tubules. Muddy brown granular casts suggest ATN, and WBC casts suggest interstitial nephritis or pyelonephritis.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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