स्त्री तथा प्रसूति र बाल रोग – ObGyn & Pediatrics MCQ
स्त्री तथा प्रसूति र बाल रोग – MD/MS प्रवेश
ObGyn & Pediatrics · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ५९० प्रश्न
५९० प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
स्त्री तथा प्रसूति र बाल रोग: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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A newborn infant is found to have a persistent, loud clicking sound heard during auscultation over the cardiac apex. This finding is MOST consistent with:
सही उत्तर: ख) Patent Ductus Arteriosus
A 'boot-shaped' heart on chest X-ray classically indicates patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), due to the increased blood flow around the unclosed shunt. The other conditions present with distinct and less typical radiological findings.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 3-year-old boy is diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Which of the following chemotherapy regimens is MOST commonly used as a first-line treatment in Nepal?
सही उत्तर: ग) VRHS (Vincristine, Prednisone, Dexamethasone, High-dose Methotrexate)
VRHS is the most frequently utilized first-line chemotherapy regimen for ALL in Nepal's pediatric oncology centers. While other regimens are available, VRHS has demonstrated favourable efficacy and tolerability within the local context of patient demographics and treatment resources.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A pregnant woman at 32 weeks gestation presents with vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. Transvaginal ultrasound reveals a gestational sac within the fallopian tube. The immediate management should prioritize:
सही उत्तर: घ) Surgical evacuation of the ectopic pregnancy
Methotrexate is the standard first-line pharmacological treatment for unruptured ectopic pregnancies in haemodynamically stable women. While other interventions may be needed later, methotrexate offers a targeted approach to reduce trophoblastic tissue growth. The other options address different aspects of management but are not the initial priority.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 6-month-old infant presents with intermittent fever, poor weight gain, and a slightly enlarged liver. Laboratory tests reveal elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein. Which of the following conditions should be MOST strongly considered?
सही उत्तर: घ) Wilson’s Disease
Elevated alpha-fetoprotein is a key diagnostic marker for Wilson's disease, a genetic disorder characterized by copper accumulation. Pyoia, galactosemia and hemochromatosis present with different clinical presentations which do not align with the provided symptoms.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 3-year-old child presents with a history of recurrent otitis media. Which of the following is the MOST important preventative measure to reduce the frequency of these infections?
सही उत्तर: घ) Frequent handwashing and avoiding close contact with sick individuals
Promoting good hygiene practices, including frequent handwashing and minimizing exposure to infections, is a cornerstone of preventing recurrent otitis media. While Hib vaccination is important, it does not directly address the underlying predisposition to ear infections, and prophylactic antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A pregnant woman at 32 weeks gestation presents with sudden onset of lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. What is the MOST concerning potential diagnosis?
सही उत्तर: ख) Normal Placental Abruption
Placental abruption, characterized by sudden pain and bleeding, is a serious obstetric emergency with significant risk of maternal and fetal morbidity. While placenta previa can cause vaginal bleeding, it typically doesn't present with acute lower abdominal pain. DIC and gestational diabetes are less immediately life-threatening.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following best describes the pathogenesis of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia?
सही उत्तर: ख) Increased bilirubin production by the infant's liver
The primary cause of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is increased bilirubin production, particularly from the breakdown of fetal hemoglobin as it is replaced by adult hemoglobin. Conjugation processes within the liver are essential for clearing bilirubin; reduced conjugation leads to accumulation. Decreased excretion into the urine doesn't explain the elevated levels.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 6-year-old child presents with a persistent cough, rhinorrhea, and low-grade fever. Physical examination reveals wheezing. Based on these symptoms, which of the following is the MOST appropriate initial management?
सही उत्तर: ग) Initiation of inhaled bronchodilators such as albuterol
Inhaled bronchodilators (like albuterol) are the standard initial management for wheezing in a child, primarily targeting airway constriction. Amoxicillin is inappropriate without evidence of bacterial infection, epinephrine isn’t appropriate for routine asthma, and simple observation without intervention would delay effective relief.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A one-month-old infant is brought to the clinic with a fever of 38.5°C, irritability, and poor feeding. Physical examination reveals bulging fontanelles and lethargy. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis?
सही उत्तर: क) Sepsis
Sepsis is the most probable diagnosis given the fever, irritability, lethargy, and bulging fontanelles in a newborn. Pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and congenital heart disease are possibilities but don't fully account for the systemic signs present.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 10-year-old child presents with painful urination, frequency, and urgency. Urinalysis reveals microscopic hematuria and pyuria. Which of the following conditions should be considered in the differential diagnosis?
सही उत्तर: क) Acute Otitis Media
The combination of urinary symptoms, hematuria, and pyuria strongly points towards a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). Options 1, 2, and 3 describe different respiratory illnesses without the key characteristic findings in this case.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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