स्त्री तथा प्रसूति र बाल रोग – ObGyn & Pediatrics MCQ
स्त्री तथा प्रसूति र बाल रोग – MD/MS प्रवेश
ObGyn & Pediatrics · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ५९० प्रश्न
५९० प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
स्त्री तथा प्रसूति र बाल रोग: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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In a pregnant woman presenting with severe vomiting and dehydration, which biochemical parameter would be MOST indicative of hyperemesis gravidarum?
सही उत्तर: ग) Significantly elevated serum ketones.
Hyperemesis gravidarum is characterized by severe electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypoalbuminemia due to protein loss through vomiting. Ketones are a later sign of starvation and dehydration but not the primary diagnostic marker. Elevated uric acid and sodium excretion aren't specifically associated with this condition.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A newborn infant presents with persistent tachycardia, tachypnea, and respiratory distress. Auscultation reveals harsh upper airway sounds. Which condition is MOST likely?
सही उत्तर: ग) Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN)
Harsh upper airway sounds strongly suggest PPHN, a life-threatening condition where pulmonary vascular resistance remains elevated after birth, leading to inadequate ventilation. TTN typically presents with clear lung sounds, pneumonia would present with additional signs of infection, and apnea of prematurity is characterised by pauses in breathing but not necessarily harsh sounds.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following statements regarding preterm labour management is MOST accurate?
सही उत्तर: ख) Betamethasone administration significantly decreases the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants.
Betamethasone is a corticosteroid that accelerates fetal lung maturity, reducing the risk of respiratory distress syndrome, which is the most common complication of preterm labor. The other options represent practices with varying degrees of evidence and potential risks – antibiotics can cause sepsis, frequent exams increase the risk of inducing labour, and biophysical monitoring has limitations.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A pregnant woman presents with severe lower abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and premature labor at 36 weeks gestation. Ultrasound reveals a gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). What is the MOST appropriate initial management strategy?
सही उत्तर: क) A. Immediate surgical evacuation of the pregnancy and subsequent methotrexate administration
Option A is correct; GTDs like choriocarcinoma require prompt surgical evacuation (hysterectomy or partial evacuation) followed by systemic chemotherapy with methotrexate to prevent life-threatening complications. The other options do not address the critical need for definitive treatment of GTD.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following findings is MOST indicative of fetal congenital heart disease requiring immediate intervention?
सही उत्तर: ग) C. Significant nuchal translucency exceeding 3mm with cardiothoracic ratio >25%
Option C is correct; a significantly increased nuchal translucency combined with a cardiothoracic ratio greater than 25% strongly suggests fetal echocardiographic abnormalities, particularly of the heart, requiring immediate follow-up and potential interventions. The other options represent normal or less concerning findings.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 6-month-old infant presents with a fever of 38.5°C, lethargy, and irritability. Physical examination reveals a maculopapular rash starting on the trunk and spreading outwards. Which of the following infectious diseases is MOST likely?
सही उत्तर: ग) C. Varicella (Chickenpox)
Option C (Varicella) is correct. The presentation – fever followed by a maculopapular rash starting on the trunk and spreading outwards—is highly characteristic of varicella. Options A and B represent other viral illnesses with potentially similar, but distinct symptoms. Option D typically presents in younger infants.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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In a newborn diagnosed with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), what is the most critical immediate management concern related to pulmonary function?
सही उत्तर: ख) B. Immediate placement on mechanical ventilation to support respiratory drive and oxygenation
Option B is correct; in CDH, the diaphragm prevents lung expansion, leading to pulmonary hypertension and hypoplasia. Prompt ventilation supports respiratory effort and attempts to normalize PVR. Option A addresses dehydration but doesn’t tackle the primary physiological problem. Option C neglects critical intervention while option D is irrelevant to the immediate issue.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A newborn infant presents with profound respiratory distress, persistent cyanosis, and bilateral effusions on chest X-ray. The mother reports an uncomplicated pregnancy. What is the MOST likely underlying cause? a) Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection. b) Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN). c) Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). d) Transient Bronchopulmonary Osteitis (TBPO).
सही उत्तर: ख) b
Option B is correct. PPHN, characterized by impaired pulmonary vascular adaptation and right-to-left shunt, presents with the described symptoms - respiratory distress, cyanosis, and effusions. Options A, C, and D are all possible but do not fully explain the severity of the presentation.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 6-month-old infant presents with irritability, poor feeding, and a bulging fontanelle. Examination reveals hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis? a) Acute gastroenteritis. b) Congenital hypothyroidism. c) Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP). d) Viral encephalitis.
सही उत्तर: घ) d
Option C is correct. The described symptoms – irritability, poor feeding, hepatosplenomegaly, and bulging fontanelle – are classic signs of HSP, a systemic vasculitis primarily affecting children. Options A, B, and D represent alternative diagnoses with differing presentations.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following best describes the pathogenesis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)? a) Excessive production of estrogen by the ovaries. b) Deficiency in 21-hydroxylase leading to increased androgen synthesis. c) Reduced levels of thyroid hormones affecting fetal development. d) Increased insulin resistance causing gestational diabetes.
सही उत्तर: ख) b
Option B is correct. CAH results from a deficiency in the enzyme 21-hydroxylase, which disrupts cortisol and aldosterone synthesis and subsequently leads to increased androgen production. Options A, C, and D represent other conditions with different etiologies.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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