सर्जरी – Surgery MCQ
सर्जरी – MD/MS प्रवेश
Surgery · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ४८२ प्रश्न
४८२ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
सर्जरी: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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A 60-year-old male presents with jaundice, weight loss, and palpable gallbladder. Blood tests reveal elevated liver enzymes. Based on Courvoisier’s law, what is the MOST likely diagnosis?
सही उत्तर: ग) Hepatocellular carcinoma
Courvoisier's law (palpable gallbladder with jaundice) strongly suggests biliary obstruction, most commonly cholangiocarcinoma. Cholecystitis typically doesn’t present this way, and hepatocellular carcinoma doesn’t cause significant gallbladder enlargement. This questions focuses on clinical correlation in a surgical scenario.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following anatomical structures is MOST commonly identified within Calot’s triangle?
सही उत्तर: ग) Portal vein
Calot's triangle encompasses the hepatic artery, cystic duct, and common bile duct. The gallbladder neck is outside this defined space. The portal vein is a major vessel in the abdomen but not contained within the triangle. This question assesses understanding of anatomical landmarks crucial for biliary surgery.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with sudden onset abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Initial examination reveals tenderness in the right lower quadrant. Ultrasound imaging demonstrates an inflamed appendix. Which of the following is the most immediate surgical intervention indicated?
सही उत्तर: क) Appendectomy
Appendectomy is the standard treatment for acute appendicitis. The other options are treatments for unrelated conditions and do not address the presenting symptoms. This question tests basic knowledge of common surgical emergencies.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient sustains severe burns covering a significant portion of their body surface area (BSA). Which electrolyte abnormality is MOST likely to develop rapidly and lead to life-threatening complications?
सही उत्तर: ख) B. Hypophosphatemia secondary to phosphate loss through damaged skin.
Hypophosphatemia is the most common and dangerous electrolyte abnormality in severe burns, occurring due to significant phosphate loss through damaged skin. This can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and respiratory failure. The other options are less likely to occur with such severity.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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What is the primary purpose of performing a digital rectal exam (DRE) in the evaluation of suspected prostate cancer?
सही उत्तर: ख) B. To palpate for nodules or masses within the prostate gland, indicative of malignancy.
The DRE is specifically used to manually palpate the prostate gland for any abnormalities – nodules, masses, or changes in texture – which could be indicative of prostate cancer. Options A, C, and D describe other procedures.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with severe abdominal pain, guarding, and rigidity. Laboratory tests reveal elevated white blood cell count and neutrophilia. Which imaging modality would be MOST appropriate for initial evaluation?
सही उत्तर: ख) B. Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis with intravenous contrast.
Option B, a CT scan, is the gold standard for evaluating acute abdominal pain due to its ability to quickly visualize organs and identify potential causes such as appendicitis or bowel obstruction. The other options are less appropriate for initial investigation of acute abdominal pain.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The presence of 'Battle's sign' suggests which of the following?
सही उत्तर: ख) B. Subdural hematoma secondary to head trauma, indicating potential cerebral injury.
Option B is the correct answer – Battle’s sign (hemiplegia, bruising over the temple, and altered level of consciousness) is classically associated with subdural hematoma following head trauma. The other options describe unrelated conditions.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following statements BEST describes the pathophysiology of acute appendicitis?
सही उत्तर: क) A. Bacterial overgrowth within the appendix wall leading to inflammation and edema.
Option A correctly describes the established understanding of acute appendicitis – bacterial proliferation initiating inflammation. Option B is misleading, as lymphatic obstruction isn’t the primary cause. Option C is a description of autoimmune processes and not typical appendicitis. Option D represents a hyperreactive immune response but doesn’t accurately reflect the initial trigger.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The primary causative organism responsible for the development of Echinococcal (hydatid) cysts within the liver, commonly presenting as unilocular lesions, is: (a) *Staphylococcus aureus* (b) *Echinococcus granulosus* (c) *Klebsiella pneumoniae* (d) *Escherichia coli*
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) *Echinococcus granulosus*
The answer is (b) because *Echinococcus granulosus* is the well-established parasite responsible for causing Echinococcal hydatid cysts. The other options are common bacterial pathogens, not related to this specific cyst formation. (*Staphylococcus aureus* and *Escherichia coli* are frequently involved in secondary infections but aren’t the primary cause of the cyst itself.)
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with significant abdominal pain and distension post-operatively. Imaging reveals widespread dilatation of the colon without evidence of mechanical obstruction. This condition is most frequently observed in:
सही उत्तर: क) Elderly patients following extensive surgery
This presentation is characteristic of spurious colonic dilatation, commonly seen in elderly patients post-operatively due to reduced peristalsis and impaired autonomic reflexes. It’s distinct from obstruction or IBD.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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