स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)
स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)
MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · २,८६५ प्रश्न
२,८६५ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
MD/MS प्रवेश: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
-
A patient has Na⁺ 140, Cl⁻ 100 and HCO₃⁻ 10 mmol/L. The serum anion gap is:
सही उत्तर: क) 30 mmol/L
Anion gap = Na⁺ − (Cl⁻ + HCO₃⁻) = 140 − 110 = 30 mmol/L, which is high (normal about 8–12). A high gap suggests ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, renal failure or toxins.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
-
Which of the following causes a normal anion gap (hyperchloraemic) metabolic acidosis?
सही उत्तर: घ) Severe diarrhoea
Diarrhoea causes loss of bicarbonate with chloride retention, so the anion gap stays normal. DKA, lactic acidosis and methanol add unmeasured anions and raise the anion gap.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
-
In hyperkalaemia with ECG changes, the first drug given to stabilise the cardiac membrane is:
सही उत्तर: ग) Intravenous calcium gluconate
Calcium gluconate stabilises the myocardium within minutes but does not lower potassium. Insulin-dextrose then shifts potassium into cells.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
-
Red blood cell casts in urine indicate:
सही उत्तर: ख) Glomerulonephritis
RBC casts form when red cells cross a damaged glomerulus and are moulded in tubules. Muddy brown granular casts suggest ATN, and WBC casts suggest interstitial nephritis or pyelonephritis.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
-
Goodpasture (anti-GBM) disease is caused by antibodies against:
सही उत्तर: क) Type IV collagen
Anti-GBM antibodies target the α3 chain of type IV collagen in glomerular and alveolar basement membranes, causing nephritis and pulmonary haemorrhage. Proteinase 3 is the target of c-ANCA in granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
-
A child develops haematuria and hypertension 2 weeks after a sore throat. Which finding is typical?
सही उत्तर: घ) Low serum C3
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis is an immune-complex disease with low C3 that normalises within about 8 weeks. IgA nephropathy causes haematuria within days of infection with normal complement.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
-
Nephrotic-range proteinuria in an adult is defined as urinary protein excretion of more than:
सही उत्तर: ग) 3.5 g/day
Nephrotic syndrome is defined by proteinuria >3.5 g/day with hypoalbuminaemia, oedema and hyperlipidaemia. Proteinuria >0.3 g/day is abnormal but not nephrotic-range.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
-
The most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children is:
सही उत्तर: ख) Minimal change disease
Minimal change disease causes most childhood nephrotic syndrome and usually responds to steroids. Electron microscopy shows effacement of podocyte foot processes.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
-
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is diagnosed when the ascitic fluid neutrophil count is at least:
सही उत्तर: क) 250 cells/mm³
An ascitic neutrophil (PMN) count of ≥250 cells/mm³ is diagnostic of SBP even before culture results. E. coli is the commonest organism.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
-
The first-line drug for treatment of hepatic encephalopathy is:
सही उत्तर: घ) Lactulose
Lactulose acidifies the colon, trapping ammonia as ammonium and reducing its absorption. Rifaximin is commonly added to prevent recurrence.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
यी अभ्यास प्रश्न हुन्, आधिकारिक प्रश्न होइनन्। पाठ्यक्रम, विज्ञापन र नतिजाका लागि सम्बन्धित निकायको आधिकारिक वेबसाइट हेर्नुहोस्। उत्तरमा गल्ती भेटे प्रश्नमुनिको "टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट" मा लेख्नुहोस्।
नमस्ते! पाठ्यक्रम, सामान्य ज्ञान, भाषा परीक्षा वा कुनै प्रश्नको उत्तर बुझ्न सोध्नुहोस्।
AI ले गल्ती गर्न सक्छ। महत्वपूर्ण कुरा आधिकारिक स्रोतमा जाँच्नुहोस्।