स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)
स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)
MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · २,८६५ प्रश्न
२,८६५ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
MD/MS प्रवेश: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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A patient presents with symptoms including muscle weakness, respiratory distress, and cardiac arrhythmias after taking a large dose of atropine. Which of the following is the most immediate treatment indicated?
सही उत्तर: ख) Administration of physostigmine
Atropine is an anticholinergic drug that blocks muscarinic receptors. Physostigmine is the specific antidote that acts as a cholinesterase inhibitor, reversing atropine’s effects by increasing acetylcholine levels.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following pharmacological actions is most directly responsible for the therapeutic effect of metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus?
सही उत्तर: ख) Direct inhibition of hepatic glucose production
Metformin primarily reduces blood sugar levels by decreasing glucose production in the liver. This is its main mechanism of action; the other options describe secondary effects or actions that are not central to metformin's therapeutic role.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The observation of hyphae in a fungal infection is most characteristic of which pathogenic group?
सही उत्तर: ग) Dermatophytes
Dermatophytes are the primary cause of infections characterized by hyphal growth (like athlete's foot or ringworm). Yeasts typically form single cells, molds have filaments but not distinctly branched hyphae, and dimorphic fungi exist in both yeast and mold forms.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following mechanisms primarily accounts for the antibacterial effect of penicillin?
सही उत्तर: क) Binding to bacterial ribosomes and inhibiting protein synthesis
Penicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), which are enzymes crucial for peptidoglycan formation. This weakens the cell wall, leading to lysis. The other options represent different antibacterial mechanisms not directly associated with penicillin’s action.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following best describes coagulative necrosis?
सही उत्तर: घ) Gangrenous Necrosis
Coagulative necrosis involves the preservation of tissue architecture for a period, resulting in a firm, pale appearance due to enzymatic dissolution of cellular components. Liquefactive necrosis is characterized by the breakdown of tissue and formation of liquid; caseous necrosis presents with a crumbly texture and gangrenous necrosis is associated with decomposition.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following laboratory findings is most indicative of acute bacterial infection? (a) Elevated serum albumin levels. (b) Increased white blood cell count with neutrophilic predominance. (c) Decreased prothrombin time. (d) Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Increased white blood cell count with neutrophilic predominance.
An increase in white blood cell count (WBC), particularly with a shift towards neutrophils, is the classic laboratory hallmark of acute bacterial infection. This reflects the inflammatory response to the invading bacteria. Options a, c, and d are unrelated to bacterial infections.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Mesna is administered concurrently with cyclophosphamide to mitigate which adverse effect? (a) Neutropenia (b) Nephrotoxicity (c) Alopecia (d) Mucositis
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Nephrotoxicity
Cyclophosphamide is known to cause significant nephrotoxicity. Mesna acts as a detoxification agent by converting cyclophosphamide into a non-toxic metabolite, thereby protecting the kidneys from damage. Options a, c, and d represent other common adverse effects of cyclophosphamide but are not specifically addressed by mesna.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with severe respiratory distress, hypotension, and urticaria following exposure to an allergen. Which pharmacological agent is most appropriate for immediate treatment? (a) Prednisolone (b) Ceftriaxone (c) Epinephrine (d) Furosemide
सही उत्तर: ग) (c) Epinephrine
Anaphylaxis requires immediate intervention to reverse the effects of histamine release. Epinephrine is a first-line treatment as it acts on multiple pathways (vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, and vasoconstriction). Prednisolone is a corticosteroid used for longer-term suppression but doesn't provide rapid relief. Ceftriaxone is an antibiotic and Furosemide is a diuretic, neither of which addresses the immediate symptoms of anaphylaxis.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of penicillin G? (a) Inhibition of DNA gyrase. (b) Inhibition of protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunit. (c) Blocking of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis via inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis. (d) Directly damaging the bacterial cell membrane.
सही उत्तर: ग) (c) Blocking of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis via inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis.
Penicillin G inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by interfering with peptidoglycan formation. Specifically, it binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), preventing cross-linking of the peptidoglycan strands. Options a and d are incorrect as DNA gyrase inhibition and direct membrane damage are actions of other antibiotics. Option b is partially correct but doesn't fully reflect penicillin G’s mechanism.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The Philadelphia chromosome, a hallmark of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), results from which chromosomal translocation? (a) t(9;22) (b) t(8;14) (c) t(15;17) (d) t(6;11)
सही उत्तर: क) (a) t(9;22)
The Philadelphia chromosome is created by a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 (t(9;22)). This translocation fuses the BCR gene with the Abl tyrosine kinase gene, leading to constitutive activation of the signaling pathway that drives CML. Options b, c, and d represent other known chromosomal translocations associated with different cancers.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
यी अभ्यास प्रश्न हुन्, आधिकारिक प्रश्न होइनन्। पाठ्यक्रम, विज्ञापन र नतिजाका लागि सम्बन्धित निकायको आधिकारिक वेबसाइट हेर्नुहोस्। उत्तरमा गल्ती भेटे प्रश्नमुनिको "टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट" मा लेख्नुहोस्।
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