स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)
स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)
MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · २,८६५ प्रश्न
२,८६५ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
MD/MS प्रवेश: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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Which of the following pathological conditions is MOST strongly associated with the presence of ‘asteroid’ (needle-shaped) fatty transformation within hepatocytes?
सही उत्तर: ग) C. Hemochromatosis
Alcoholic hepatitis is frequently characterized by significant hepatic damage, including lipid accumulation in the form of asteroid bodies. NAFLD primarily presents with steatosis without significant inflammation or fibrosis. Hemochromatosis causes iron deposition and cirrhosis, while acute viral hepatitis doesn’t typically result in these specific fatty transformation patterns.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules are characteristic histological features observed in: a) Acute viral hepatitis. b) Chronic granulomatous inflammation. c) Cholesterol emboli within small arteries. d) Fatty infiltration of the liver.
सही उत्तर: घ) d) Fatty infiltration of the liver
Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules represent cholesterol crystal deposition in the walls of small hepatic arteries and are strongly associated with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Correct answer: d)
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Diphtheria toxin exerts its cytotoxic effect primarily by: a) Directly lysing cell membranes. b) Inhibiting mitochondrial respiration. c) Triggering apoptosis through activation of caspases. d) Accumulating iron within cells.
सही उत्तर: ग) c) Triggering apoptosis through activation of caspases
Diphtheria toxin is a potent metalloprotease that cleaves elongation factor 2 (EF2), disrupting protein synthesis and ultimately leading to cell death. This involves the activation of apoptotic pathways. Correct answer: c)
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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During the 'window period' of acute hepatitis B infection, which serum marker is most reliably detectable? a) Anti-HBs antibody b) Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) c) Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) d) Hepatitis B viral DNA
सही उत्तर: घ) d) Hepatitis B viral DNA
The ‘window period’ refers to the time between the clearance of detectable HBV viral DNA and the appearance of antibodies. Viral DNA is detectable before antibody levels rise, making it the most reliable indicator during this phase. Correct answer: d)
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following drugs is known to cause pulmonary fibrosis, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism? a) Amiodarone b) Sotalol c) Propafenone d) Lignocaine
सही उत्तर: क) a) Amiodarone
Amiodarone is a well-established antiarrhythmic drug associated with these adverse effects. The other options are not typically linked to this specific combination of complications. Correct answer: a)
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The drug used to treat malignant hyperthermia is: (a) Diazepam. (b) Dantrolene Sodium. (c) Morphine. (d) Naloxone.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Dantrolene Sodium.
Option (b) is correct – Dantrolene sodium directly relaxes skeletal muscle by inhibiting calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which is the mechanism underlying malignant hyperthermia. Diazepam does not effectively treat this condition. Options (a), (c) and (d) are commonly used analgesics or opioid antagonists and have no role in treating malignant hyperthermia.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Warthin-Finkeldey multinucleated giant cells in lymphoid tissue are characteristic of: (a) Acute bacterial infections. (b) Chronic viral infections like Herpes Simplex Virus. (c) Foreign body reactions, particularly to silica or asbestos exposure. (d) Lymphoproliferative disorders such as Hodgkin's disease.
सही उत्तर: घ) (d) Lymphoproliferative disorders such as Hodgkin's disease.
Option (c) is correct – these giant cells represent a phagocytic response to foreign material (e.g., silica particles) that are trapped within the lymphoid tissue. They represent a type of granuloma formation. Options (a), (b) and (d) relate to other pathological processes.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation for the life of the platelet because it: (a) Directly destroys platelets. (b) Inhibits thromboxane A2 synthesis by platelet activation. (c) Reduces platelet adhesion to damaged vessel walls. (d) Increases the formation of fibrinogen.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Inhibits thromboxane A2 synthesis by platelet activation.
Option (b) is correct – aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), an enzyme crucial for thromboxane A2 synthesis in platelets. Thromboxane A2 promotes platelet aggregation, and its inhibition leads to prolonged platelet dysfunction. Options (a), (c) and (d) describe other aspects of platelet function that are not the primary mechanism by which aspirin acts.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Sildenafil is contraindicated in patients taking nitrates because both: (a) Sildenafil reduces blood pressure, while nitrates raise it. (b) Sildenafil inhibits phosphodiesterase-5, increasing nitric oxide activity, which can dangerously lower blood pressure alongside nitrate effects. (c) Sildenafil causes vasodilation, exacerbating the vasodilatory effects of nitrates. (d) Sildenafil directly constricts coronary arteries.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Sildenafil inhibits phosphodiesterase-5, increasing nitric oxide activity, which can dangerously lower blood pressure alongside nitrate effects.
Option (b) accurately describes the mechanism – sildenafil potentiates the vasodilator effect of nitric oxide by inhibiting phosphodiesterase-5, while nitrates also cause vasodilation. Combining these effects significantly increases the risk of hypotension and cardiovascular complications. Options (a), (c) and (d) are incorrect because they represent different components of the interaction.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Sulfonylureas stimulate insulin release by: (a) Increasing intracellular calcium levels. (b) Directly stimulating pancreatic beta cells to synthesize more insulin. (c) Promoting glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. (d) Inhibiting glucagon secretion from the pancreas.
सही उत्तर: क) (a) Increasing intracellular calcium levels.
Option (a) is correct – sulfonylureas work by enhancing the release of pre-existing insulin from pancreatic beta cells by increasing intracellular calcium levels. Option (b) describes a different mechanism for insulin action, and options (c) and (d) represent secondary metabolic effects that are not the primary mode of action of this drug.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
यी अभ्यास प्रश्न हुन्, आधिकारिक प्रश्न होइनन्। पाठ्यक्रम, विज्ञापन र नतिजाका लागि सम्बन्धित निकायको आधिकारिक वेबसाइट हेर्नुहोस्। उत्तरमा गल्ती भेटे प्रश्नमुनिको "टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट" मा लेख्नुहोस्।
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