स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)
स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)
MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · २,८६५ प्रश्न
२,८६५ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
MD/MS प्रवेश: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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A public health program aimed at reducing childhood mortality focuses on interventions that target preventable causes. Which of the following is a key component of such a program? (a) Promoting the use of intravenous antibiotics for all children with fever. (b) Providing routine immunization against vaccine-preventable diseases, including measles, polio and DTP. (c) Encouraging exclusive breastfeeding for infants during their first six months of life. (d) Implementing mandatory dietary supplements containing high doses of iron for all children aged one to five years.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Providing routine immunization against vaccine-preventable diseases, including measles, polio and DTP.
Immunization is a cornerstone of preventative healthcare in reducing childhood mortality, specifically targeting diseases like measles and polio. Option (a) utilizes antibiotics inappropriately. Option (c) promotes optimal infant nutrition – a supporting factor. Option (d) overemphasizes iron supplementation.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following statements accurately reflects the role of ‘trace investigation’ in epidemiological studies? (a) It is primarily used for identifying the total number of cases of a disease within a specific geographical area. (b) It focuses on pinpointing the exact chain of events leading from initial exposure to illness, gathering detailed information about contacts and potential sources. (c) It relies solely on statistical analysis of existing health records to determine prevalence rates. (d) It’s used exclusively in investigating outbreaks linked to contaminated food products.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) It focuses on pinpointing the exact chain of events leading from initial exposure to illness, gathering detailed information about contacts and potential sources.
Trace investigation is a manual method of identifying the source of an outbreak by following the contacts of infected individuals and documenting their exposures – this closely aligns with option (b). Options (a), (c) and (d) describe different analytical methods or limited applications.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The term ‘Zika virus’ transmission primarily occurs through: (a) Respiratory droplets from infected individuals. (b) Bites from mosquitoes infected with *Aedes* species. (c) Contaminated food and water sources. (d) Direct contact with infected animals.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Bites from mosquitoes infected with *Aedes* species.
Zika virus is known to be transmitted by the bite of female *Aedes* mosquitos, which are vectors for other viruses like dengue and chikungunya. Option (a) describes respiratory transmission, option (c) refers to foodborne illness, and option (d) presents an alternative, non-supported vector.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following best describes the concept of ‘herd immunity’? (a) Individual protection against a disease solely through vaccination. (b) A state where a large proportion of a population is immune to a disease, providing indirect protection to those who are not immune. (c) Immediate and complete elimination of a disease from a population following widespread vaccination. (d) Solely reliant on natural immunity acquired through infection.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) A state where a large proportion of a population is immune to a disease, providing indirect protection to those who are not immune.
Herd immunity describes the indirect protection conferred by a sufficiently large proportion of immune individuals within a population, shielding susceptible individuals, even if they are not directly immunized themselves. Option (a) focuses only on individual vaccination – that’s incorrect. Option (c) implies complete elimination which is rarely achieved. Option (d) neglects the role of immunity in others.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with dyspnea and edema following intravenous administration of digoxin. Which cellular process does digoxin primarily inhibit to cause this effect?
सही उत्तर: घ) Calcium influx.
Digoxin's primary mechanism of action involves inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump, which indirectly reduces intracellular calcium levels by blocking the sodium current required for its function. This subsequently decreases cardiac contractility and results in symptoms like dyspnea and edema.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following describes a key feature of amyloid deposition seen under polarized light after staining with Congo red?
सही उत्तर: क) Green birefringence.
Amyloid fibrils have an ordered structure that produces characteristic apple-green birefringence when viewed through a polarizing filter and stained with Congo red. This is due to the interference of polarized light within the ordered structure of the amyloid deposits. The other options represent different staining reactions or birefringence patterns.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A microbiology lab is examining a sample from a patient suspected of having pneumonia. Gram staining reveals the presence of short, plump bacilli. Which organism would this most strongly suggest?
सही उत्तर: क) Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Streptococcus pneumoniae is frequently characterized by its Gram-positive cocci morphology and short, plump bacilli shape on Gram stain when actively replicating in a sample. The other options are typically Gram-negative organisms with different morphologies.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with severe skin rash, fever, and joint pain following exposure to penicillin. This condition is most likely indicative of:
सही उत्तर: ग) Serum sickness.
Serum sickness represents a hypersensitivity reaction to foreign proteins, commonly triggered by beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillin. The symptoms align precisely with the classic presentation of serum sickness, differentiating it from autoimmune diseases listed as options.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following mechanisms is primarily responsible for the action of penicillin?
सही उत्तर: ख) Binding to ribosomes and disrupting protein synthesis.
Penicillin’s primary mechanism involves binding to transpeptidases (also known as penicillin-binding proteins or PBPs), enzymes crucial in bacterial cell wall synthesis. This prevents crosslinking of peptidoglycans, leading to a weakened and ultimately disintegrated cell wall. The other options describe alternative antibacterial mechanisms.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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What is the primary purpose of administering Vitamin A supplementation to children in endemic areas?
सही उत्तर: ख) B. To prevent childhood blindness and boost the immune system
Vitamin A supplementation is specifically targeted at preventing night blindness and reducing the severity of infections in children with Vitamin A deficiency. This aligns with the role of Vitamin A in supporting immune function and vision (option B). The other options misrepresent the primary use of this intervention.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
यी अभ्यास प्रश्न हुन्, आधिकारिक प्रश्न होइनन्। पाठ्यक्रम, विज्ञापन र नतिजाका लागि सम्बन्धित निकायको आधिकारिक वेबसाइट हेर्नुहोस्। उत्तरमा गल्ती भेटे प्रश्नमुनिको "टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट" मा लेख्नुहोस्।
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