स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)
स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)
MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · २,८६५ प्रश्न
२,८६५ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
MD/MS प्रवेश: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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A pregnant woman presents with sudden onset hypertension (160/100 mmHg) and proteinuria (3+ on urine dipstick). Her renal function is also abnormal. According to the guidelines for pre-eclampsia, at what stage of gestation does this clinical presentation typically occur?
सही उत्तर: ग) Third Trimester
Pre-eclampsia is classically defined as new-onset hypertension with proteinuria or end-organ dysfunction (e.g., renal failure) occurring in the *second trimester*. The other options represent earlier or later gestational periods where pre-eclampsia is less commonly encountered.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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What is the primary physiological reason for positive pressure ventilation in neonatal resuscitation when indicated?
सही उत्तर: ख) To decrease carbon dioxide levels and improve respiratory drive
Positive pressure ventilation (PPV) is utilized primarily to reduce carbon dioxide levels in the newborn’s blood, thereby improving their respiratory drive and facilitating oxygen exchange. The other options – increased hemoglobin oxygenation, stimulating surfactant, or promoting uterine contractions – are not primary indications for PPV in a neonate.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A researcher is investigating a patient's metabolism and observes elevated levels of blood sugar after consuming a carbohydrate-rich meal. Further analysis reveals that the patient’s body struggles to effectively utilize glucose. Which enzyme deficiency would MOST likely explain this clinical scenario?
सही उत्तर: घ) Phosphofructokinase
Phosphofructokinase is a key regulatory enzyme in glycolysis, the pathway for glucose breakdown. A deficiency in this enzyme directly impairs glucose metabolism and leads to elevated blood sugar levels after carbohydrate ingestion, as outlined in this scenario.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The primary metabolic defect associated with Von Gierke disease (Glycogen Storage Disease Type I) involves a deficiency in which enzyme?
सही उत्तर: ख) Glycogen phosphorylase
Von Gierke disease is caused by the deficiency of glycogen phosphorylase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down glycogen into glucose. This leads to an accumulation of glycogen in various tissues, particularly the liver. The other options represent enzymes involved in different lysosomal storage disorders.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with symptoms including fatigue, muscle weakness, and elevated levels of creatine kinase (CK). Biochemical analysis reveals a significantly increased serum concentration of methylmalonic acid. Which vitamin deficiency is MOST likely responsible for this condition?
सही उत्तर: ग) Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
Methylmalonic aciduria results from a deficiency in Vitamin B12, which acts as a cofactor for enzymes involved in the metabolism of odd-chain fatty acids and amino acids. While deficiencies in other vitamins can cause metabolic abnormalities, B12’s role directly relates to this specific symptom presentation. The other options do not typically present with methylmalonic aciduria.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following statements best describes the primary function of the glomerular capillaries in the nephron?
सही उत्तर: क) Filtration of large proteins and waste products from the blood
The glomerular capillaries are specialized for filtration. They possess pores too small for most plasma components, allowing water, electrolytes, and small solutes to pass through while retaining larger molecules like proteins. The other options describe functions of different nephron segments or metabolic processes.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following best describes the most significant risk factor associated with developing acute appendicitis? (a) Maternal obesity during pregnancy (b) Bacterial colonization of the appendix (c) Excessive breastfeeding in infancy (d) Prolonged bed rest during childhood
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Bacterial colonization of the appendix
Bacterial colonization of the appendix is a key factor in the pathogenesis of acute appendicitis. While other factors may play a role, bacterial overgrowth and inflammation are the primary drivers. Maternal obesity, excessive breastfeeding and prolonged bedrest are not strongly associated with this disease.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A newborn infant born at 36 weeks gestation presents with persistent tachypnea (heart rate >160 bpm) and respiratory distress. The initial chest X-ray reveals a ground-glass appearance in the lungs. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis? (a) Congenital Heart Disease (b) Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) (c) Pneumonia (d) Meconium aspiration syndrome
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)
A ground-glass appearance on chest X-ray in a preterm infant with tachypnea strongly suggests respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), which is caused by surfactant deficiency. Congenital heart disease, pneumonia and meconium aspiration are other possible causes but less likely given the specific radiological finding.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 6-month-old infant presents with persistent diarrhoea, abdominal distension, and failure to thrive. Physical examination reveals a palpable mass in the abdomen. Which of the following investigations would be MOST appropriate to evaluate for this presentation? (a) Complete Blood Count (CBC) (b) Ultrasound of the Abdomen (c) Serum Electrolytes only (d) Urine Analysis
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Ultrasound of the Abdomen
An ultrasound of the abdomen is the most appropriate initial investigation to look for intestinal obstruction, which is a likely diagnosis given the presentation. A CBC would not be sufficient to evaluate for an abdominal mass and serum electrolytes alone will not provide enough information. Urine analysis would only rule out dehydration.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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In a pregnant woman presenting with severe vomiting for more than 24 hours resulting in weight loss, electrolyte imbalance, and fetal distress, which of the following is the MOST appropriate initial diagnostic investigation? (a) Amniocentesis (b) Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery (c) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) (d) Maternal serum β-hCG level
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery
A Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery is essential to assess fetal well being and rule out intrauterine growth restriction, which is a key concern in this scenario. Amniocentesis investigates chromosomal abnormalities, MRI is invasive and not routinely used for acute pregnancy complications and a maternal serum beta-hCG level is not specific enough to diagnose hyperemesis gravidarum.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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