फार्माकोलोजी – Pharmacology MCQ

फार्माकोलोजी: प्रश्न र उत्तर

सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।

सही: ० / ०

191. A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed tiotropium bromide inhaler. Which of the following statements best explains the mechanism of action of this medication?

     कIt increases the amount of surfactant in the alveoli, preventing alveolar collapse. खIt causes a direct relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, improving airflow. गIt stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors, promoting mucociliary clearance. घIt directly inhibits the release of inflammatory mediators from immune cells.
     💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)

     छलफल / प्रश्न उत्तरमा गल्ती छ

     पठाउनुहोस्

     टिप्पणी जाँचपछि मात्र देखिन्छ।

192. A patient receiving intravenous morphine for post-operative pain reports experiencing significant drowsiness and confusion. Which of the following actions should the nurse take *first*?

     कAdminister an anticholinergic medication खIncrease the IV fluid rate गNotify the physician immediately घEncourage the patient to sit up
     💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)

     छलफल / प्रश्न उत्तरमा गल्ती छ

     पठाउनुहोस्

     टिप्पणी जाँचपछि मात्र देखिन्छ।

193. A patient with a history of heart failure is prescribed metoprolol. Which finding should the nurse prioritize as an indication that the medication may be causing adverse effects?

     कImproved appetite खDecreased edema गRegular, slow heart rate घIncreased urinary output
     💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)

     छलफल / प्रश्न उत्तरमा गल्ती छ

     पठाउनुहोस्

     टिप्पणी जाँचपछि मात्र देखिन्छ।

194. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed a bronchodilator medication via nebulizer. Which assessment finding would most closely correlate with the effectiveness of this therapy?

     कDecreased respiratory rate खIncreased sputum production गImproved chest expansion घDecreased blood pressure
     💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)

     छलफल / प्रश्न उत्तरमा गल्ती छ

     पठाउनुहोस्

     टिप्पणी जाँचपछि मात्र देखिन्छ।

195. A nurse is preparing to administer intravenous acetaminophen to a patient experiencing moderate pain. Which statement best describes the route of administration for this medication when rapid pain relief is needed?

     कOral administration with food खSlow IV infusion over 30 minutes गRapid IV push dose followed by titration घIntramuscular injection
     💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)

     छलफल / प्रश्न उत्तरमा गल्ती छ

     पठाउनुहोस्

     टिप्पणी जाँचपछि मात्र देखिन्छ।

196. A patient who recently started treatment with warfarin requires monitoring of their INR. Which laboratory value would most directly indicate whether the patient’s anticoagulation is within the desired therapeutic range?

     कPlatelet count खProthrombin Time (PT) गWhite blood cell count घInternational Normalized Ratio (INR)
     💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)

     छलफल / प्रश्न उत्तरमा गल्ती छ

     पठाउनुहोस्

     टिप्पणी जाँचपछि मात्र देखिन्छ।

197. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed salmeterol inhaler. What is the primary mechanism of action of this medication?

     कA) Reducing inflammation in the airways. खB) Relaxing smooth muscle surrounding the bronchioles, widening airways. गC) Increasing ciliary clearance to remove mucus from the lungs. घD) Directly stimulating surfactant production.
     💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)

     छलफल / प्रश्न उत्तरमा गल्ती छ

     पठाउनुहोस्

     टिप्पणी जाँचपछि मात्र देखिन्छ।

198. A client diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease is prescribed levodopa. What is the primary reason for combining levodopa with carbidopa?

     कA) To increase the absorption of levodopa into the bloodstream. खB) To prevent peripheral conversion of levodopa to dopamine. गC) To reduce nausea associated with levodopa administration. घD) To extend the duration of action of levodopa.
     💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)

     छलफल / प्रश्न उत्तरमा गल्ती छ

     पठाउनुहोस्

     टिप्पणी जाँचपछि मात्र देखिन्छ।

199. Which statement best describes the purpose of administering a prophylactic dose of penicillin before certain dental procedures?

     कA) To treat an existing streptococcal infection. खB) To prevent perioral bacteremia caused by oral streptococci. गC) To enhance the effectiveness of local anesthesia. घD) To reduce post-operative pain and swelling.
     💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)

     छलफल / प्रश्न उत्तरमा गल्ती छ

     पठाउनुहोस्

     टिप्पणी जाँचपछि मात्र देखिन्छ।

200. A patient taking oral metronidazole reports nausea and metallic taste. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause?

     कA) Hypersensitivity to the antibiotic itself. खB) Stimulation of the vagus nerve due to drug absorption. गC) Increased intestinal motility promoting faster gastric emptying. घD) Delayed absorption due to altered gastrointestinal pH.
     💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)

     छलफल / प्रश्न उत्तरमा गल्ती छ

     पठाउनुहोस्

     टिप्पणी जाँचपछि मात्र देखिन्छ।