चिकित्सा स्नातकोत्तर प्रवेश (MECEE-PG) MD / MS / MDS प्रवेश परीक्षा तयारी
चिकित्सा स्नातकोत्तर प्रवेश (MECEE-PG) – MD / MS / MDS प्रवेश परीक्षा
MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS · MECEE-PG (MD/MS/MDS)
२,८६५ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
MD/MS/MDS प्रवेश: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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An extradural (epidural) haematoma most commonly results from injury to the:
सही उत्तर: ख) Middle meningeal artery
A temporal bone fracture tearing the middle meningeal artery is the classic cause. On CT it appears as a biconvex (lentiform) collection, often with a lucid interval. Torn bridging veins cause a crescentic subdural haematoma.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A Cushing reflex (hypertension, bradycardia and irregular breathing) after head injury indicates:
सही उत्तर: क) Raised intracranial pressure
The Cushing reflex is a late sign of raised intracranial pressure and impending herniation. Hypovolaemic shock causes hypotension with tachycardia, which is the opposite pattern.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 70 kg adult needs maintenance IV fluids. Using the 4-2-1 rule, the hourly maintenance rate is:
सही उत्तर: घ) 110 mL/h
The 4-2-1 rule gives 4 mL/kg/h for the first 10 kg, 2 mL/kg/h for the next 10 kg and 1 mL/kg/h for each kg above 20. That is 40 + 20 + 50 = 110 mL/h. 100 mL/h comes from wrongly using 1 mL/kg/h for the whole weight above 10 kg (40 + 60).
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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According to ATLS, class III haemorrhagic shock corresponds to a blood loss of approximately:
सही उत्तर: ग) 30–40% of blood volume
Class III (30–40%) is the first class in which systolic blood pressure usually falls, with marked tachycardia and confusion. It usually needs blood transfusion. Class II (15–30%) has tachycardia but normal systolic pressure.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Flail chest is defined as:
सही उत्तर: ख) Fracture of two or more adjacent ribs, each broken in two or more places
A flail segment is not attached to the rest of the chest wall and moves paradoxically. The main cause of hypoxia is the underlying pulmonary contusion.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Beck's triad (hypotension, distended neck veins and muffled heart sounds) indicates:
सही उत्तर: क) Cardiac tamponade
Beck's triad is classic for cardiac tamponade, which is treated by pericardiocentesis or surgical drainage. Tension pneumothorax can also cause hypotension and raised JVP, but breath sounds are absent and the trachea is deviated, rather than heart sounds being muffled.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The BRCA1 gene, associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, is located on chromosome:
सही उत्तर: घ) 17
BRCA1 is on chromosome 17q and BRCA2 is on chromosome 13q. Both are tumour suppressor genes involved in DNA repair. The APC gene of familial adenomatous polyposis is on chromosome 5.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The most common benign breast tumour in young women (15–25 years) is:
सही उत्तर: ग) Fibroadenoma
A fibroadenoma is a smooth, firm, very mobile lump ('breast mouse') and is most common in young women. A duct papilloma usually presents with bloody nipple discharge.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The 'peau d'orange' appearance of the skin in breast cancer is due to:
सही उत्तर: ख) Lymphatic obstruction causing cutaneous oedema
Peau d'orange is skin oedema from blocked dermal lymphatics, with the skin tethered at the hair follicles. Infiltration and shortening of Cooper's ligaments causes skin dimpling instead.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The most common histological type of breast carcinoma is:
सही उत्तर: क) Invasive ductal carcinoma (no special type)
Invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type makes up about 70–80% of breast cancers. Invasive lobular carcinoma is the next most common and is more often bilateral and multicentric.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
यी अभ्यास प्रश्न हुन्, आधिकारिक प्रश्न होइनन्। पाठ्यक्रम, विज्ञापन र नतिजाका लागि सम्बन्धित निकायको आधिकारिक वेबसाइट हेर्नुहोस्। उत्तरमा गल्ती भेटे प्रश्नमुनिको "टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट" मा लेख्नुहोस्।
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