चिकित्सा स्नातकोत्तर प्रवेश (MECEE-PG) MD / MS / MDS प्रवेश परीक्षा तयारी
चिकित्सा स्नातकोत्तर प्रवेश (MECEE-PG) – MD / MS / MDS प्रवेश परीक्षा
MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS · MECEE-PG (MD/MS/MDS)
२,८६५ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
MD/MS/MDS प्रवेश: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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Barrett's oesophagus predisposes most strongly to which malignancy?
सही उत्तर: ख) Adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus
In Barrett's oesophagus, squamous epithelium is replaced by columnar epithelium with intestinal metaplasia, which can progress through dysplasia to adenocarcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma is linked mainly to smoking, alcohol and achalasia.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The gold-standard investigation for the diagnosis of achalasia cardia is:
सही उत्तर: क) Oesophageal manometry
Manometry shows incomplete relaxation of the lower oesophageal sphincter and aperistalsis, which confirms achalasia. A barium swallow is suggestive but not diagnostic. pH monitoring is used for reflux disease.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The classical barium swallow appearance in achalasia cardia is:
सही उत्तर: घ) Bird's beak tapering of the lower oesophagus
Achalasia gives a dilated oesophagus with smooth 'bird's beak' tapering at the gastro-oesophageal junction. A corkscrew oesophagus suggests diffuse oesophageal spasm, and an irregular rat-tail stricture suggests carcinoma.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Spontaneous full-thickness rupture of the oesophagus after forceful vomiting (Boerhaave syndrome) most commonly occurs at the:
सही उत्तर: ग) Left posterolateral wall of the lower oesophagus
Boerhaave rupture is usually in the left posterolateral lower oesophagus, just above the diaphragm. It is a transmural tear, whereas a Mallory–Weiss tear involves only the mucosa near the gastro-oesophageal junction.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A posterior duodenal ulcer that causes massive haemorrhage typically erodes the:
सही उत्तर: ख) Gastroduodenal artery
The gastroduodenal artery runs behind the first part of the duodenum, so posterior ulcers erode it. Bleeding from a lesser-curve gastric ulcer is usually from the left gastric artery.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The most common site of perforation of a peptic ulcer is the:
सही उत्तर: क) Anterior wall of the first part of the duodenum
Anterior duodenal ulcers perforate into the free peritoneal cavity. Posterior duodenal ulcers more often bleed, by eroding the gastroduodenal artery.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A Curling's ulcer is an acute stress ulcer associated with:
सही उत्तर: घ) Major burns
A Curling's ulcer is an acute gastroduodenal ulcer seen after major burns. A stress ulcer after head injury or raised intracranial pressure is called a Cushing's ulcer.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The operation of choice for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is:
सही उत्तर: ग) Ramstedt's pyloromyotomy
Ramstedt's pyloromyotomy splits the hypertrophied pyloric muscle down to the mucosa. Heller's myotomy is done for achalasia cardia.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The characteristic metabolic abnormality in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is:
सही उत्तर: ख) Hypochloraemic hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis
Persistent non-bilious vomiting loses gastric HCl, which causes hypochloraemic, hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis, sometimes with paradoxical aciduria. This must be corrected before Ramstedt's pyloromyotomy.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The definitive diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease is made by:
सही उत्तर: क) Rectal biopsy showing absence of ganglion cells
Rectal (suction) biopsy showing no ganglion cells, with hypertrophied nerve trunks, is the gold standard. A barium enema can show a transition zone, but it does not confirm the diagnosis.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
यी अभ्यास प्रश्न हुन्, आधिकारिक प्रश्न होइनन्। पाठ्यक्रम, विज्ञापन र नतिजाका लागि सम्बन्धित निकायको आधिकारिक वेबसाइट हेर्नुहोस्। उत्तरमा गल्ती भेटे प्रश्नमुनिको "टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट" मा लेख्नुहोस्।
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