आधारभूत विज्ञान (Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry) – Basic Sciences MCQ
आधारभूत विज्ञान (Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry) – MD/MS प्रवेश
Basic Sciences · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ४३३ प्रश्न
४३३ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
आधारभूत विज्ञान (Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry): प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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In sickle cell disease, the mutation in the beta-globin chain results in substitution of:
सही उत्तर: ग) Glutamic acid by valine at position 6
A point mutation replaces hydrophilic glutamate with hydrophobic valine at position 6, causing HbS to polymerise when deoxygenated. Replacement by lysine at the same position produces HbC.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which amino acid is purely ketogenic?
सही उत्तर: घ) Leucine
Leucine and lysine are the only purely ketogenic amino acids, being degraded to acetyl-CoA or acetoacetate. Alanine, glycine and serine are glucogenic, forming pyruvate.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following is NOT a coenzyme of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
सही उत्तर: घ) Biotin
PDH uses thiamine pyrophosphate, lipoic acid, coenzyme A, FAD and NAD+. Biotin is the coenzyme for carboxylases such as pyruvate carboxylase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which laboratory finding is characteristic of Wilson's disease?
सही उत्तर: क) Low serum ceruloplasmin
Mutation of the ATP7B copper transporter impairs incorporation of copper into ceruloplasmin and biliary excretion, so serum ceruloplasmin falls while urinary and hepatic copper rise. Kayser–Fleischer rings in the cornea are a classic sign.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A double-stranded DNA sample contains 20% adenine. What is its cytosine content?
सही उत्तर: ख) 30%
By Chargaff's rule A = T and G = C, so A + T = 40% and G + C = 60%, giving cytosine = 30%. Choosing 20% wrongly equates cytosine with adenine.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following codons is a stop (termination) codon?
सही उत्तर: ख) UGA
The three stop codons are UAA, UAG and UGA. AUG is the start codon (methionine) and UGG codes for tryptophan.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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During DNA replication, Okazaki fragments are formed on the:
सही उत्तर: ग) Lagging strand
The lagging strand is synthesised discontinuously in short 5'→3' pieces (Okazaki fragments), each started by an RNA primer and later joined by DNA ligase. The leading strand is synthesised continuously toward the replication fork.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Long-chain fatty acids are transported into the mitochondrial matrix for beta-oxidation with the help of:
सही उत्तर: क) Carnitine
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I forms acylcarnitine, which crosses the inner mitochondrial membrane; CPT-I is inhibited by malonyl-CoA. Albumin carries free fatty acids in plasma, not across mitochondrial membranes.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The liver cannot utilise ketone bodies because it lacks the enzyme:
सही उत्तर: घ) Succinyl-CoA:acetoacetate CoA transferase (thiophorase)
Thiophorase activates acetoacetate to acetoacetyl-CoA in extrahepatic tissues; its absence in liver ensures ketone bodies are exported. HMG-CoA synthase and lyase are present in liver because they make ketone bodies.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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An enzyme has Vmax = 100 µmol/min and Km = 2 mM. At a substrate concentration of 6 mM, the reaction velocity is:
सही उत्तर: ख) 75 µmol/min
By the Michaelis–Menten equation, v = Vmax[S]/(Km + [S]) = 100 × 6/(2 + 6) = 75 µmol/min. Velocity equals half of Vmax (50) only when [S] equals Km.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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