सामुदायिक चिकित्सा – Community Medicine MCQ
सामुदायिक चिकित्सा – MD/MS प्रवेश
Community Medicine · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ४१० प्रश्न
४१० प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
सामुदायिक चिकित्सा: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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The daily dose of folic acid recommended by WHO for pregnant women along with iron supplementation is:
सही उत्तर: क) 400 micrograms
WHO recommends 30–60 mg elemental iron with 400 µg folic acid daily throughout pregnancy. A higher 5 mg dose is used for women with a previous neural tube defect pregnancy.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Low birth weight is defined as a birth weight of less than:
सही उत्तर: घ) 2500 g
WHO defines low birth weight as < 2500 g irrespective of gestational age. Below 1500 g is very low birth weight.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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According to WHO, anaemia in pregnancy is defined as a haemoglobin concentration below:
सही उत्तर: ग) 11 g/dL
WHO defines anaemia in pregnant women as Hb < 11 g/dL; for non-pregnant women the cut-off is 12 g/dL. Hb < 7 g/dL is considered severe anaemia in pregnancy.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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In an outbreak, 20 deaths occur among 400 cases. The case fatality rate is:
सही उत्तर: ख) 5%
CFR = deaths/cases × 100 = 20/400 × 100 = 5%. CFR measures the killing power of a disease, not its frequency in the population.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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During one year, 50 new cases of a disease occur in a population of 10,000. The incidence rate per 1000 population is:
सही उत्तर: क) 5
Incidence = 50/10,000 × 1000 = 5 per 1000 per year. Incidence counts only new cases in a defined period.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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If the mean haemoglobin of a group is 50 units and the standard deviation is 5 units, the coefficient of variation is:
सही उत्तर: घ) 10%
CV = SD/mean × 100 = 5/50 × 100 = 10%. CV allows comparison of variability between variables measured in different units.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Food poisoning presenting with vomiting within 1–6 hours of eating contaminated custard or milk products is most likely caused by:
सही उत्तर: ग) Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcal enterotoxin is preformed, so symptoms appear within a few hours, mainly vomiting. Salmonella food poisoning has a longer incubation of about 12–24 hours.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The most specific bacteriological indicator of recent faecal contamination of drinking water is:
सही उत्तर: ख) Escherichia coli
Thermotolerant E. coli is exclusively faecal in origin and does not survive long in water, indicating recent pollution. Spores of Clostridium perfringens persist and indicate remote contamination.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The phosphatase test of milk is used to assess:
सही उत्तर: क) Adequacy of pasteurisation
Alkaline phosphatase is destroyed by proper pasteurisation, so its presence shows inadequate heating or contamination with raw milk. Bacterial quality of milk is assessed by the methylene blue reduction test.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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In the HTST (flash) method of pasteurisation, milk is heated to:
सही उत्तर: घ) About 72 °C for 15 seconds
HTST pasteurisation uses about 71.7–72 °C for at least 15 seconds followed by rapid cooling. 63–66 °C for 30 minutes is the holder (vat) method.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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