सामुदायिक चिकित्सा – Community Medicine MCQ
सामुदायिक चिकित्सा – MD/MS प्रवेश
Community Medicine · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ४१० प्रश्न
४१० प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
सामुदायिक चिकित्सा: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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The total osmolarity of WHO low-osmolarity oral rehydration salts (ORS) is:
सही उत्तर: क) 245 mOsm/L
Reduced-osmolarity ORS has a total osmolarity of 245 mOsm/L with 75 mmol/L sodium and 75 mmol/L glucose. The older standard WHO ORS had 311 mOsm/L.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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For a category III animal bite (e.g. single or multiple transdermal bites from a suspected rabid dog), WHO recommends:
सही उत्तर: घ) Wound washing, rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin
Category III exposures require immediate wound care, vaccination and rabies immunoglobulin infiltrated into the wound. Category II exposures (minor scratches without bleeding) need vaccine without RIG.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The 'shake test' is used to detect:
सही उत्तर: ग) Freezing damage to adsorbed vaccines
Frozen adsorbed vaccines (e.g. TT, DPT, hepatitis B) form granular sediment that settles faster than in a never-frozen control vial. Heat exposure is monitored by the VVM.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A vaccine with a vaccine vial monitor (VVM) should NOT be used when:
सही उत्तर: ख) The inner square matches or is darker than the outer circle
The VVM records cumulative heat exposure; once the inner square reaches the colour of the outer circle (or darker), the discard point is reached. A lighter inner square means the vaccine is usable.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Among commonly used vaccines, the one most sensitive to heat is:
सही उत्तर: क) Oral polio vaccine
OPV is the most heat-sensitive vaccine in the cold chain. Tetanus toxoid and hepatitis B vaccines are relatively heat-stable but are damaged by freezing.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks are associated with use of:
सही उत्तर: घ) Oral polio vaccine (Sabin)
OPV contains live attenuated virus that can revert to neurovirulence in under-immunised communities. IPV is killed vaccine and cannot cause VDPV or VAPP.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The duration of multidrug therapy for multibacillary leprosy in adults is:
सही उत्तर: ग) 12 months
MB leprosy is treated with rifampicin, clofazimine and dapsone for 12 months. Paucibacillary leprosy requires 6 months.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Under the WHO operational classification, a leprosy patient is classified as multibacillary if there are:
सही उत्तर: ख) More than 5 skin lesions
MB leprosy is defined by more than 5 skin lesions, or nerve involvement, or a positive slit-skin smear. Patients with 1-5 lesions, no nerve involvement and a negative smear are paucibacillary.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Scrub typhus is transmitted by the bite of:
सही उत्तर: क) Larval trombiculid mite (chigger)
The larval stage (chigger) of trombiculid mites transmits Orientia tsutsugamushi. Body lice transmit epidemic typhus (Rickettsia prowazekii).
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The classic vector of plague is:
सही उत्तर: घ) Xenopsylla cheopis (rat flea)
The oriental rat flea Xenopsylla cheopis transmits Yersinia pestis from rats to humans. The body louse transmits epidemic typhus and relapsing fever.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
यी अभ्यास प्रश्न हुन्, आधिकारिक प्रश्न होइनन्। पाठ्यक्रम, विज्ञापन र नतिजाका लागि सम्बन्धित निकायको आधिकारिक वेबसाइट हेर्नुहोस्। उत्तरमा गल्ती भेटे प्रश्नमुनिको "टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट" मा लेख्नुहोस्।
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