मेडिसिन – Medicine MCQ
मेडिसिन – MD/MS प्रवेश
Medicine · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ५४२ प्रश्न
५४२ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
मेडिसिन: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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Goodpasture (anti-GBM) disease is caused by antibodies against:
सही उत्तर: क) Type IV collagen
Anti-GBM antibodies target the α3 chain of type IV collagen in glomerular and alveolar basement membranes, causing nephritis and pulmonary haemorrhage. Proteinase 3 is the target of c-ANCA in granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A child develops haematuria and hypertension 2 weeks after a sore throat. Which finding is typical?
सही उत्तर: घ) Low serum C3
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis is an immune-complex disease with low C3 that normalises within about 8 weeks. IgA nephropathy causes haematuria within days of infection with normal complement.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Nephrotic-range proteinuria in an adult is defined as urinary protein excretion of more than:
सही उत्तर: ग) 3.5 g/day
Nephrotic syndrome is defined by proteinuria >3.5 g/day with hypoalbuminaemia, oedema and hyperlipidaemia. Proteinuria >0.3 g/day is abnormal but not nephrotic-range.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children is:
सही उत्तर: ख) Minimal change disease
Minimal change disease causes most childhood nephrotic syndrome and usually responds to steroids. Electron microscopy shows effacement of podocyte foot processes.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is diagnosed when the ascitic fluid neutrophil count is at least:
सही उत्तर: क) 250 cells/mm³
An ascitic neutrophil (PMN) count of ≥250 cells/mm³ is diagnostic of SBP even before culture results. E. coli is the commonest organism.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The first-line drug for treatment of hepatic encephalopathy is:
सही उत्तर: घ) Lactulose
Lactulose acidifies the colon, trapping ammonia as ammonium and reducing its absorption. Rifaximin is commonly added to prevent recurrence.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) of 1.1 g/dL or more indicates:
सही उत्तर: ग) Portal hypertension
A high SAAG (≥1.1 g/dL) indicates portal hypertension, as in cirrhosis or heart failure. Tuberculosis, carcinomatosis and pancreatic ascites give a low SAAG.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A non-invasive test suitable for confirming eradication of Helicobacter pylori is:
सही उत्तर: ख) Urea breath test
The urea breath test detects active infection and is used to confirm eradication. Serology stays positive for long after cure, so it cannot confirm eradication.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The recommended initial serological test for coeliac disease (on a gluten-containing diet) is:
सही उत्तर: क) IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase
IgA anti-tTG is highly sensitive and specific for coeliac disease; total IgA should be checked because IgA deficiency gives false negatives. ASCA is associated with Crohn disease.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Transmural inflammation, skip lesions and non-caseating granulomas are characteristic of:
सही उत्तर: घ) Crohn disease
Crohn disease can affect any part of the GI tract with transmural, discontinuous inflammation and granulomas. Ulcerative colitis is continuous, mucosal and starts in the rectum.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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