स्त्री तथा प्रसूति र बाल रोग – ObGyn & Pediatrics MCQ
स्त्री तथा प्रसूति र बाल रोग – MD/MS प्रवेश
ObGyn & Pediatrics · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ५९० प्रश्न
५९० प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
स्त्री तथा प्रसूति र बाल रोग: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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To keep the ductus arteriosus open in a duct-dependent cyanotic newborn, the drug used is:
सही उत्तर: ख) Prostaglandin E1 (alprostadil)
PGE1 infusion maintains ductal patency until surgery in lesions such as pulmonary atresia. Indomethacin and ibuprofen inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and are used to close a PDA.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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An 'egg-on-a-string' appearance on chest X-ray suggests:
सही उत्तर: ख) Transposition of the great arteries
In TGA the great vessels lie anteroposteriorly, giving a narrow superior mediastinum and an egg-shaped heart. TGA is the commonest cyanotic heart lesion presenting in the neonatal period.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 'boot-shaped' heart on chest X-ray is classically seen in:
सही उत्तर: ग) Tetralogy of Fallot
Right ventricular hypertrophy lifts the apex and a concave pulmonary bay gives the coeur en sabot appearance. Transposition gives an 'egg-on-a-string' and supracardiac TAPVR a 'snowman' appearance.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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'Red currant jelly' stools in an infant with colicky abdominal pain suggest:
सही उत्तर: घ) Intussusception
Intussusception, most often ileocolic in children aged 6-36 months, causes mucosal congestion that produces blood and mucus stools; a sausage-shaped mass may be felt. Meckel diverticulum typically causes painless rectal bleeding.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The gold standard for diagnosing Hirschsprung disease is:
सही उत्तर: क) Rectal biopsy showing absent ganglion cells
Absence of ganglion cells in the submucosal and myenteric plexus on rectal (suction) biopsy confirms the diagnosis. A barium enema showing a transition zone is suggestive but not diagnostic.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The typical metabolic abnormality in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is:
सही उत्तर: क) Hypochloraemic hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis
Persistent non-bilious vomiting loses gastric HCl, and renal compensation loses potassium, producing hypochloraemic hypokalaemic alkalosis. This must be corrected before pyloromyotomy.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Pneumatosis intestinalis on abdominal X-ray in a preterm neonate is characteristic of:
सही उत्तर: ख) Necrotising enterocolitis
Intramural gas from bacterial invasion of ischaemic bowel is pathognomonic of NEC. Portal venous gas and pneumoperitoneum indicate more advanced disease.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The usual antenatal corticosteroid regimen to accelerate fetal lung maturity is betamethasone:
सही उत्तर: ग) 12 mg IM, two doses 24 hours apart
Betamethasone 12 mg IM twice, 24 hours apart, (or dexamethasone 6 mg IM 12-hourly for 4 doses) reduces RDS, intraventricular haemorrhage and neonatal death. Benefit is greatest when delivery occurs 24 hours to 7 days after the first dose.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Phototherapy reduces serum bilirubin mainly by converting it into:
सही उत्तर: घ) Lumirubin, a water-soluble structural isomer
Blue-green light (about 460-490 nm) converts bilirubin into configurational isomers and especially lumirubin, which can be excreted in bile and urine without conjugation. Conjugation is a hepatic enzymatic process, not a phototherapy effect.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Jaundice appearing within the first 24 hours of life is:
सही उत्तर: घ) Always considered pathological
Physiological jaundice appears after 24 hours; onset within 24 hours suggests haemolysis such as Rh or ABO incompatibility. Breast milk jaundice appears late, after the first week.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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