प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी – Pathology, Microbiology & Pharmacology MCQ
प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी – MD/MS प्रवेश
Pathology, Microbiology & Pharmacology · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ४०८ प्रश्न
४०८ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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Sulfonylureas stimulate insulin release by: (a) Increasing intracellular calcium levels. (b) Directly stimulating pancreatic beta cells to synthesize more insulin. (c) Promoting glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. (d) Inhibiting glucagon secretion from the pancreas.
सही उत्तर: क) (a) Increasing intracellular calcium levels.
Option (a) is correct – sulfonylureas work by enhancing the release of pre-existing insulin from pancreatic beta cells by increasing intracellular calcium levels. Option (b) describes a different mechanism for insulin action, and options (c) and (d) represent secondary metabolic effects that are not the primary mode of action of this drug.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient undergoing chemotherapy develops a new onset skin rash characterized by intense itching, blistering, and inflammation. The most likely causative agent is: (a) A fungal infection. (b) An allergic reaction to the chemotherapeutic drug. (c) A bacterial superinfection. (d) Autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) An allergic reaction to the chemotherapeutic drug.
Option (b) is correct; many chemotherapy drugs are known to cause hypersensitivity reactions, leading to these symptoms. Options (a), (c) and (d) represent alternative causes of skin rashes related to medical treatments or conditions.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following mechanisms explains the action of vancomycin in inhibiting bacterial growth? (a) Inhibition of DNA gyrase. (b) Interference with peptidoglycan synthesis. (c) Disruption of bacterial cell membrane integrity. (d) Blocking bacterial respiration.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Interference with peptidoglycan synthesis.
Option (b) is correct; vancomycin binds to the D-Ala-D-Ala terminus of peptidoglycan precursors, preventing their incorporation into the growing cell wall. Option (a), (c) and (d) represent other antimicrobial mechanisms.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with symptoms suggestive of acute acetaminophen overdose. Which laboratory finding would be MOST indicative of liver damage? (a) Elevated serum amylase levels. (b) Increased serum bilirubin concentration. (c) Elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) levels. (d) Presence of neutrophils in the peripheral blood.
सही उत्तर: ग) (c) Elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) levels.
Option (b) is correct; elevated bilirubin reflects liver dysfunction and its inability to conjugate and excrete bilirubin. Option (c) signifies muscle damage, option (a) relates to pancreatic injury, and option (d) represents a normal inflammatory response.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A microbiologist isolates a bacterium from a patient with pneumonia that exhibits both mycelial and yeast growth phases depending on the incubation temperature. This characteristic is known as: (a) Obligate anaerobiosis. (b) Dimorphism. (c) Catalase activity. (d) Motility.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Dimorphism.
Option (b) is correct; dimorphic bacteria exhibit this property, switching between fungal and yeast forms based on temperature. Options (a), (c) and (d) represent different bacterial characteristics, not the phenomenon of growth phase changes.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following pathological findings would most strongly suggest a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? (a) Presence of amyloid deposits in organs. (b) Granular inflammation and immune complex deposition in glomeruli. (c) Mallory bodies within hepatocytes. (d) Keratin pearls within a testicular tumour.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Granular inflammation and immune complex deposition in glomeruli.
Option (b) is correct because immune complex deposition, particularly in the kidneys (glomeruli), is a hallmark of SLE. Option (a) describes amyloidosis, option (c) relates to alcoholic liver disease, and option (d) represents a specific type of germ cell tumor.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following histological findings would MOST strongly suggest a diagnosis of acute hepatic porphyria?
सही उत्तर: क) Crystals within hepatocytes
Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules are a characteristic feature of acute hepatic porphyria. They’re large, amorphous collections of material in the liver parenchyma. The other options describe different liver pathologies.”}]} cat: MECEE-PG (MD/MS/MDS) Entrance (स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)) topic: Pathology, Microbiology & Pharmacology (प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी) original_paper: MD/MS/MDS Entrance (MECEE-PG) - MD/MS/MDS Entrance (MECEE-PG) – MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance (स्नातकोत्तर मेडिकल प्रवेश (MECEE-PG)) 2024-11-03 18:59:34 +0000 -1;0```JSON```
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Chalky white deposits, often found in the pericardial sac or pleural space, resulting from the saponification of fats are characteristic of which condition?
सही उत्तर: क) Acute myocardial infarction
The deposition of calcium soaps is a classic sign of pericarditis, specifically due to the saponification reaction involving fat and calcium salts. The other options present different clinical presentations or pathologies.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient is diagnosed with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following laboratory findings would MOST reliably support this diagnosis? (a) Elevated serum Albumin levels (b) Increased PaO2/FiO2 ratio (c) Decreased white blood cell count d) Presence of hyaline membranes in lung biopsies
सही उत्तर: ग) (c) Decreased white blood cell count
The defining characteristic of ARDS is hypoxemia (low oxygen level in the blood), which is assessed by the PaO2/FiO2 ratio. An increased ratio indicates improved oxygenation despite low inspired oxygen concentration. Hyaline membrane formation on biopsy confirms the diagnosis. Albumin levels are not directly related to ARDS, and a decreased white cell count can occur but isn’t specific.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The presence of ‘ballooning degeneration’ in the neurons of the hippocampus is most strongly associated with which pathological condition? (a) Alzheimer's Disease (b) Wernicke’s Encephalopathy c) Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease d) Parkinson’s Disease
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Wernicke’s Encephalopathy
Ballooning degeneration, characterized by neuronal swelling and cytoplasmic detachment, is a classic finding in Alzheimer’s Disease. It’s caused by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Wernicke's Encephalopathy features demyelination, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease causes spongiform degeneration, and Parkinson’s primarily involves loss of dopaminergic neurons.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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