सर्जरी – Surgery MCQ
सर्जरी – MD/MS प्रवेश
Surgery · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ४८२ प्रश्न
४८२ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
सर्जरी: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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Which of the following findings would be MOST indicative of a disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) state?
सही उत्तर: ख) Decreased fibrinogen level
DIC is characterized by widespread activation of the clotting cascade leading to consumption of clotting factors, resulting in decreased fibrinogen levels. The other options represent normal responses or imbalances not characteristic of DIC.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 5-year-old child presents with intermittent abdominal pain, vomiting, and blood in his stool. Examination reveals a palpable mass in the right lower quadrant. What is the most appropriate initial diagnostic test?
सही उत्तर: घ) Abdominal Ultrasound
An abdominal ultrasound is the preferred initial investigation for suspected Meckel's diverticulum due to its accessibility and ability to visualize fluid-filled structures. CT or MRI are generally reserved for more complex cases, while endoscopy isn’t routinely used.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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What is the primary purpose of performing a Pringle manoeuvre during liver surgery?
सही उत्तर: ग) To control bleeding from the hepatic artery
The Pringle manoeuvre involves clamping the hepatic artery, specifically designed to temporarily reduce arterial inflow to the liver and thus control significant bleeding. The other options are incorrect as they relate to different surgical procedures.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with a palpable mass in their left upper quadrant and reports intermittent episodes of nausea and vomiting. Imaging reveals a cystic structure adjacent to the gallbladder. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis?
सही उत्तर: ख) Cholecystitis
The presentation – palpable mass, nausea, vomiting, and cystic structure near the gallbladder – strongly suggests cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder), often due to gallstones. While pancreatitis can present similarly, it typically lacks the distinct gallbladder location.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following anatomical structures is most commonly affected in a patient presenting with sudden onset left flank pain radiating to the groin?
सही उत्तर: ग) Renal Pelvis
The renal pelvis is where ureteric stones typically form and cause severe, colicky flank pain that radiates to the groin. The hepatic artery supplies blood to the liver; the pancreatic duct drains pancreatic juice; and the duodenal cap is part of the duodenum.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following cancers is MOST closely associated with chronic infection with Schistosoma haematobium?
सही उत्तर: ख) Transitional Cell Carcinoma
Chronic *Schistosoma haematobium* infection induces inflammation and fibrosis in the bladder, leading to a significantly increased risk of transitional cell carcinoma (previously known as urothelial cancer). Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are less commonly associated. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a salivary gland tumor.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with severe hypophosphatemia, cardiac arrhythmias, and respiratory failure following initiation of parenteral nutrition. Which of the following is the MOST likely underlying cause?
सही उत्तर: ख) Magnesium Depletion
Severe hypophosphatemia often develops following initiation of parenteral nutrition due to increased phosphate demand, leading to magnesium depletion which impairs cardiac function and contributes to respiratory failure. While other deficiencies can cause similar symptoms, magnesium depletion is the most specific association in this clinical context.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which surgical procedure is characterized by the removal of the head and body of the pancreas, along with a portion of the stomach and duodenum?
सही उत्तर: ग) Whipple Procedure
The Whipple procedure (also known as Pringle’s operation) involves resection of the head, neck, and part of the duodenum, along with a portion of the pancreas. It is performed for cancers located in this region. Cholecystectomy is gallbladder removal, distal pancreatectomy involves only the tail of the pancreas, and Kyle Procedure is an anterior extraperitoneal approach to hysterectomy.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 35-year-old male presents with a painless testicular mass and elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein levels. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
सही उत्तर: क) Testicular Cancer (Seminoma)
Elevated serum AFP, especially in conjunction with a testicular mass in a young male, strongly suggests Testicular Seminoma which frequently produces AFP. While other conditions could present similarly, AFP levels and the presence of a mass make seminoma the most probable diagnosis. Cryptorchidism and hydroceles are also common causes of testicular masses but do not typically elevate AFP.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The Alvarado score, used in initial assessment of acute abdominal pain, primarily evaluates which of the following signs and symptoms?
सही उत्तर: ख) MANTRELS (Markedly raised serum albumin, markedly elevated temperature, respiratory distress, tenderness to palpation, rigidity, leucocytosis)
The Alvarado score is a clinical scoring system designed for rapid assessment of patients with suspected acute abdominal pathology. It incorporates key signs and symptoms – MANTRELS – to guide initial management decisions. The other options represent distinct diagnostic criteria or symptom complexes that would not form the core of the Alvarado score.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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