स्त्री तथा प्रसूति र बाल रोग – ObGyn & Pediatrics MCQ
स्त्री तथा प्रसूति र बाल रोग – MD/MS प्रवेश
ObGyn & Pediatrics · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ५९० प्रश्न
५९० प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
स्त्री तथा प्रसूति र बाल रोग: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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A 10-year-old boy is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome characterized by heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and elevated serum cholesterol. Laboratory tests reveal a normal complement level. What diagnostic finding would most strongly support the diagnosis of minimal change disease in 2021?
सही उत्तर: क) Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis
Minimal Change Disease (MCD) is characterized by light microscopy findings of normal or nearly normal glomeruli with minimal changes. The absence of complement abnormalities further supports this diagnosis as it is a benign form. The other options reflect different pathogenic mechanisms associated with other forms of glomerulonephritis.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 6-month-old infant is brought in for evaluation due to delayed development. Physical examination reveals generalized hypotonia and a failure to reach milestones. The mother reports no family history of neurological disorders. Which of the following conditions should be HIGHLY suspected in 2022?
सही उत्तर: ख) Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)
Down syndrome is a common cause of delayed development, hypotonia, and failure to reach milestones, particularly with no family history. Cerebral palsy presents with spasticity and movement difficulties, fragile x typically manifests as disproportionate height and intellectual delay and Autism shows different behavioral traits.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A pregnant woman at 36 weeks gestation presents with severe abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and a foul-smelling discharge. Examination reveals cervical dilation of 7 cm. What is the MOST immediate concern in 2023?
सही उत्तर: ख) Septic Abortion
Placenta previa, where the placenta covers the cervix, can cause significant bleeding and presents with symptoms similar to this case. Septic abortion is a serious complication but typically presents with more systemic signs. Vaginal trichomoniasis is unlikely to cause such abrupt cervical dilation. Preterm labor would be considered based on other clinical findings.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A newborn presents with tachypnea, nasal flaring, retractions, and grunting. The chest X-ray reveals a ground-glass appearance bilaterally. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis in 2024?
सही उत्तर: ख) Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)
RDS, also known as hyaline membrane disease, is the most common cause of tachypnea, nasal flaring, retractions, and a ground-glass appearance on chest X-ray in preterm infants. While pneumonia or bronchiolitis can present similarly, RDS’s characteristic presentation makes it the most probable diagnosis. Pneumonia and bronchiolitis typically show more consolidation.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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In a newborn diagnosed with persistent ductus arteriosus, which of the following medications would be MOST effective in maintaining patency? (a) Ibuprofen (b) Epinephrine (c) Prostaglandin E1 (d) Morphine
सही उत्तर: घ) (d) Morphine
Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is the drug of choice for maintaining patency of the ductus arteriosus in newborns by directly constricting the ductal smooth muscle. Options (a), (b), and (d) have different mechanisms and are not effective.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 10-year-old boy presents with delayed puberty. Physical examination reveals no pubic hair and testes are small. Further investigations reveal elevated levels of luteinizing hormone (LH). Which of the following conditions is MOST likely? (a) Klinefelter syndrome (b) Turner syndrome (c) Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (d) Androgen insensitivity syndrome
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Turner syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome (XXY karyotype) is characterized by delayed puberty, small testes, and elevated LH levels. Options (b), (c), and (d) have different primary hormonal imbalances that wouldn’t typically present with this combination of findings.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 28-year-old female presents with acute onset lower abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and signs of hypovolemic shock. Initial assessment reveals a large ectopic pregnancy within the fallopian tube. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate immediate step? (a) Immediate surgical evacuation of the ectopic pregnancy (b) Administration of intravenous fluids and close monitoring for spontaneous resolution (c) Insertion of a Bakri balloon to reduce bleeding in the fallopian tube (d) Starting methotrexate therapy to induce tubal spasm
सही उत्तर: घ) (d) Starting methotrexate therapy to induce tubal spasm
The Bakri balloon is a well-established therapeutic intervention used to control bleeding from ruptured or impending rupture ectopic pregnancies, providing localized pressure and reducing hemorrhage. Option (a) is generally too aggressive initially; (b) relies on the condition resolving spontaneously which isn’t always successful. (d) methotrexate may be considered but usually after initial stabilization.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The primary function of neutrophils in neonates is: (a) Antibody production (b) Phagocytosis of bacteria and debris (c) Stimulation of antibody response (d) Production of complement factors
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Phagocytosis of bacteria and debris
Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cell in newborns and play a crucial role in fighting bacterial infections through phagocytosis. Option (a) is incorrect as neutrophils do not produce antibodies. (c) is incorrect because neutrophils don’t stimulate antibody responses, and (d) is inaccurate.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A pregnant woman at 36 weeks gestation presents with sudden onset of severe abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and signs of hypovolemia. What immediate diagnostic test should be performed?
सही उत्तर: ख) MRI Scan of the Pelvis
A transvaginal ultrasound is the gold standard for diagnosing an unruptured ectopic pregnancy due to its high sensitivity. Options 2,3 and 4 are not essential in the initial management of suspected ectopic pregnancy.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A 32-year-old woman presents with amenorrhea, bilateral galactorrhea, and hirsutism. Physical examination reveals an enlarged clitoris and androgenic alopecia. What is the most likely diagnosis?
सही उत्तर: ग) Hyperprolactinemia
The combination of amenorrhea, galactorrhea, hirsutism, and androgen excess strongly suggests CAH. PCOS can also present with these features but typically has irregular menstruation. Option 3 is less likely given the degree of virilization; option 4 is not commonly associated with such prominent masculinization symptoms.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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