प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी – Pathology, Microbiology & Pharmacology MCQ
प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी – MD/MS प्रवेश
Pathology, Microbiology & Pharmacology · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ४०८ प्रश्न
४०८ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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Warthin-Finkeldey multinucleated giant cells in lymphoid tissue are characteristic of:
सही उत्तर: घ) Measles
Measles virus causes cell fusion, forming Warthin-Finkeldey giant cells in lymphoid tissue. Chickenpox produces Tzanck cells (multinucleated epithelial cells) in skin lesions instead.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Hepatitis D virus can cause infection only in the presence of:
सही उत्तर: क) Hepatitis B virus
HDV is a defective RNA virus that needs HBsAg for its envelope, so it occurs as co-infection or superinfection with HBV. For this reason, hepatitis B vaccination also protects against HDV.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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During the 'window period' of acute hepatitis B, the marker that may be the only one detectable is:
सही उत्तर: ग) IgM anti-HBc
In the window period, HBsAg has disappeared but anti-HBs has not yet appeared, so IgM anti-HBc is the only marker of recent infection. Anti-HBs indicates recovery or vaccination.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The primary cellular receptor for HIV is:
सही उत्तर: क) CD4
HIV gp120 binds CD4 and then a co-receptor (CCR5 or CXCR4) for entry into helper T cells and macrophages. CD21 is the receptor for Epstein-Barr virus.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following is a specific treponemal test for syphilis?
सही उत्तर: क) FTA-ABS
FTA-ABS detects antibodies directly against Treponema pallidum and remains positive for life. VDRL, RPR and Kahn tests are non-treponemal tests detecting anti-cardiolipin antibodies and are used for screening and follow-up.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A positive rapid urease test on a gastric biopsy indicates infection with:
सही उत्तर: ग) Helicobacter pylori
H. pylori produces large amounts of urease, which splits urea to ammonia and raises the pH, changing the indicator colour. Proteus is also urease-positive but is linked to struvite urinary stones, not gastric biopsies.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The coagulase test is used to differentiate:
सही उत्तर: क) Staphylococcus aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci
S. aureus produces coagulase, which converts fibrinogen to fibrin, whereas S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus are coagulase-negative. Staphylococci are distinguished from streptococci by the catalase test.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Sensitivity to bacitracin is used as a presumptive test for:
सही उत्तर: घ) Streptococcus pyogenes
Group A beta-haemolytic streptococci are sensitive to bacitracin, while most other beta-haemolytic streptococci are resistant. Pneumococcus is identified by optochin sensitivity and bile solubility.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Pseudomembranous colitis following antibiotic therapy is most commonly caused by:
सही उत्तर: ख) Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile
Antibiotics disrupt normal gut flora, allowing toxin A- and B-producing C. difficile to overgrow and form pseudomembranes. Diagnosis is by stool toxin or PCR, and oral vancomycin or fidaxomicin is used for treatment.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The Nagler reaction is used to identify:
सही उत्तर: क) Clostridium perfringens
The Nagler reaction detects the lecithinase activity of C. perfringens alpha-toxin on egg-yolk agar; opacity is inhibited on the half with antitoxin. C. perfringens is the main cause of gas gangrene.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
यी अभ्यास प्रश्न हुन्, आधिकारिक प्रश्न होइनन्। पाठ्यक्रम, विज्ञापन र नतिजाका लागि सम्बन्धित निकायको आधिकारिक वेबसाइट हेर्नुहोस्। उत्तरमा गल्ती भेटे प्रश्नमुनिको "टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट" मा लेख्नुहोस्।
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