प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी – Pathology, Microbiology & Pharmacology MCQ
प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी – MD/MS प्रवेश
Pathology, Microbiology & Pharmacology · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ४०८ प्रश्न
४०८ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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'Drumstick' appearance due to round terminal spores is characteristic of:
सही उत्तर: घ) Clostridium tetani
C. tetani has spherical terminal spores wider than the bacillus, giving a drumstick or tennis racket look. Bacillus anthracis is non-bulging spored and forms 'bamboo stick' chains.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Thiosulphate citrate bile salt sucrose (TCBS) agar is selective for:
सही उत्तर: क) Vibrio cholerae
V. cholerae ferments sucrose and forms yellow colonies on TCBS, an alkaline selective medium. Salmonella and Shigella are cultured on media such as XLD, DCA or SS agar.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Elek's gel precipitation test is used to detect:
सही उत्तर: घ) Toxigenicity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae
The Elek test is an in-vitro immunodiffusion test showing precipitation lines where diphtheria toxin meets antitoxin. The Schick test, by contrast, assessed a person's susceptibility to diphtheria.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Gram-negative, kidney-shaped intracellular diplococci in urethral pus of a man with urethritis suggest:
सही उत्तर: ख) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
N. gonorrhoeae appears as Gram-negative diplococci with adjacent flat sides, inside neutrophils. Chlamydia is an obligate intracellular organism not seen on Gram stain and causes non-gonococcal urethritis.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Lewy bodies, characteristic of Parkinson disease, are composed mainly of:
सही उत्तर: ग) Alpha-synuclein
Lewy bodies are eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions of alpha-synuclein in neurons of the substantia nigra. Hyperphosphorylated tau forms neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer disease.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Negri bodies are diagnostic inclusion bodies of:
सही उत्तर: ग) Rabies
Negri bodies are eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions in neurons, especially hippocampal pyramidal cells and cerebellar Purkinje cells, in rabies. Herpes simplex produces intranuclear Cowdry type A inclusions.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Barrett oesophagus is a recognised precursor of:
सही उत्तर: घ) Adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus
Barrett oesophagus is intestinal metaplasia (with goblet cells) of the lower oesophagus from chronic reflux, which can progress through dysplasia to adenocarcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma is linked to smoking, alcohol and hot drinks.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules are seen in:
सही उत्तर: क) Diabetic nephropathy
Nodular glomerulosclerosis with PAS-positive mesangial nodules (Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesion) is specific for diabetic nephropathy. Renal amyloid also expands the mesangium but stains with Congo red.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Effacement of podocyte foot processes on electron microscopy with normal light microscopy is characteristic of:
सही उत्तर: ग) Minimal change disease
Minimal change disease, the commonest cause of nephrotic syndrome in children, shows normal glomeruli on light microscopy and diffuse foot process effacement on EM. It responds well to corticosteroids.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Crescents in most glomeruli are the hallmark of:
सही उत्तर: घ) Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Crescents form from proliferation of parietal epithelial cells and infiltrating macrophages in Bowman's space after severe glomerular injury. They define rapidly progressive (crescentic) GN, which can lead to renal failure within weeks.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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