प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी – Pathology, Microbiology & Pharmacology MCQ
प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी – MD/MS प्रवेश
Pathology, Microbiology & Pharmacology · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ४०८ प्रश्न
४०८ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
प्याथोलोजी, माइक्रोबायोलोजी र फार्माकोलोजी: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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Knudson's 'two-hit' hypothesis was proposed from studies of:
सही उत्तर: ग) Retinoblastoma
Knudson explained familial (one inherited plus one acquired hit) and sporadic (two acquired hits) retinoblastoma by loss of both RB alleles.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The tumour suppressor gene called the 'guardian of the genome' is:
सही उत्तर: ख) TP53
p53 halts the cell cycle at G1 for DNA repair or triggers apoptosis if damage is irreparable; it is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancers.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Serum sickness and the Arthus reaction are examples of:
सही उत्तर: ख) Type III hypersensitivity
Both are caused by deposition of antigen–antibody (immune) complexes with complement activation, i.e. type III hypersensitivity.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Goodpasture syndrome is an example of which type of hypersensitivity?
सही उत्तर: क) Type II (antibody-mediated)
Antibodies against the α3 chain of type IV collagen in glomerular and alveolar basement membranes cause type II hypersensitivity with linear IgG deposits.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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In a healing wound, the collagen laid down early in granulation tissue, later replaced during remodelling, is mainly:
सही उत्तर: घ) Type III collagen
Granulation tissue initially contains type III collagen, which is replaced by stronger type I collagen as the scar matures.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The epithelioid cells of a granuloma are derived from:
सही उत्तर: ग) Activated macrophages
Epithelioid cells are activated macrophages (stimulated by IFN-γ) with abundant pink cytoplasm; they may fuse to form giant cells.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following is NOT a component of Virchow's triad?
सही उत्तर: घ) Thrombocytopenia
Virchow's triad for thrombosis comprises endothelial injury, abnormal blood flow and hypercoagulability; thrombocytopenia predisposes to bleeding rather than thrombosis.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Lines of Zahn are a feature of:
सही उत्तर: ख) A thrombus formed in flowing blood (antemortem)
Lines of Zahn are alternating pale platelet–fibrin and dark red cell layers, indicating a thrombus formed in flowing blood before death.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The amyloid protein deposited in primary amyloidosis associated with plasma cell dyscrasias is:
सही उत्तर: ग) AL (immunoglobulin light chain)
AL amyloid derives from monoclonal light chains (often lambda); AA amyloid follows chronic inflammation and Aβ2M occurs with long-term haemodialysis.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Amyloid deposits show apple-green birefringence under polarised light after staining with:
सही उत्तर: क) Congo red
Congo red-stained amyloid gives apple-green birefringence because of its β-pleated sheet structure.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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