सर्जरी – Surgery MCQ
सर्जरी – MD/MS प्रवेश
Surgery · MECEE-PG – MD/MS/MDS Entrance · ४८२ प्रश्न
४८२ प्रश्न उपलब्ध। मोड छान्नुहोस्:
सर्जरी: प्रश्न र उत्तर
सही लागेको विकल्पमा थिच्नुहोस्। सही भए हरियो, गलत भए रातो देखिन्छ; ३ सेकेन्डपछि सही उत्तर र व्याख्या देखिन्छ।
सही: ० / ०
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What is the most likely etiology of a patient presenting with acute onset abdominal pain, guarding, rigidity, hypotension, and marked leukocytosis? (a) Appendicitis (b) Mesenteric Ischemia (c) Acute Pancreatitis (d) Gastroenteritis
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Mesenteric Ischemia
Option (b) is correct. Beck’s triad – hypotension, distended neck veins, and muffled heart sounds – strongly suggests mesenteric ischemia. The other options don't typically present with this classic clinical picture. “
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following best describes the primary mechanism of action of a Whipple procedure (Pancreaticoduodenectomy)? (a) Removal of the distal stomach and proximal duodenum to treat gastric cancer. (b) Complete resection of the head of the pancreas, duodenum, gallbladder, common bile duct, and part of the jejunum to treat pancreatic tumors. (c) Reconstruction of the esophagus following esophageal cancer surgery. (d) Surgical repair of a hiatal hernia.
सही उत्तर: ख) (b) Complete resection of the head of the pancreas, duodenum, gallbladder, common bile duct, and part of the jejunum to treat pancreatic tumors.
Option (b) is correct. The Whipple procedure involves removing these structures precisely to manage cancers originating in the head of the pancreas or duodenum. Options (a) and (c) describe different surgical interventions; (d) relates to a separate condition – hiatal hernia repair. “
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with dysphagia, odynophagia, and regurgitation of food. Endoscopic examination reveals stricture at the lower esophageal sphincter. Which condition is MOST likely?
सही उत्तर: ख) B. Achalasia
Option B (Achalasia) is correct as it presents with classic symptoms of dysphagia and regurgitation related to impaired lower esophageal sphincter function – a hallmark of the condition. The other options present with different presentations or mechanisms.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following complications of cholecystectomy is MOST frequently associated with pancreatic injury?
सही उत्तर: ग) C. Common bile duct injury
Option C (Common bile duct injury) is correct, as a retroperitoneal dissection during cholecystectomy can inadvertently injure the common bile duct, leading to significant complications. While other options can occur post-operatively, they are less directly linked to pancreatic damage.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The ‘sign of Cullen’ is most indicative of which serious intra-abdominal condition?
सही उत्तर: घ) D. Pancreatitis
Option D (Pancreatitis) is correct as the Cullen sign – periumbilical ecchymosis – is a classic finding in severe pancreatitis, representing fat necrosis due to systemic inflammatory response. The other options represent distinct conditions with different clinical presentations and signs.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following anatomical structures is MOST directly involved in the pathogenesis of an incisional hernia at the umbilicus?
सही उत्तर: क) A. Testis
Option A (Testis) is correct as testicular herniation is a common presentation of incisional hernias, particularly at the umbilicus due to inherent weakness in the abdominal wall. Options B and C involve structures further down the groin and are not typically associated with this specific hernia type. The transversalis fascia provides support but doesn't explain the primary defect.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient following a severe head injury exhibits a Cushing reflex characterized by hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular breathing. What does this clinical presentation most likely indicate?
सही उत्तर: ग) C. Intracranial hemorrhage.
The Cushing reflex – a triad of hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular breathing – is classically observed in response to significant intracranial hemorrhage (ICP) due to the sympathetic activation triggered by pain and pressure on the brainstem. The other options do not typically cause this specific reflex pattern.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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Which of the following conditions is most strongly linked with the development of Barrett's esophagus?
सही उत्तर: ख) B. Long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Barrett's esophagus is almost invariably associated with chronic, long-term gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), where prolonged exposure to gastric acid leads to metaplastic changes in the esophageal lining. Options A, C and D represent alternative risk factors.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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The presence of ‘peau d’orange’ on the skin overlying a breast tumor is most closely associated with:
सही उत्तर: ख) B. The fibrous stromal component of the tumor, causing edema and fibrosis.
The ‘peau d’orange’ appearance – a characteristic orange peel-like texture – arises from the diffuse lymphatic invasion and associated edema and fibrosis caused by the tumor’s growth. This is a hallmark of many breast cancers. Option A describes skin cancer; C relates to cancerous cells, and D refers to melanoma.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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A patient presents with symptoms suggestive of obstructive jaundice following gallstone ingestion. Which anatomical structure is most likely being compressed?
सही उत्तर: क) A. The common bile duct at its junction with the duodenum.
Obstructive jaundice caused by a gallstone impacted in Hartmann's pouch directly compresses the common bile duct at its junction with the duodenum. Options B and C describe different vascular structures; while D describes another arterial pathway, it isn’t the primary site of compression in this scenario.
💬 टिप्पणी / गल्ती रिपोर्ट (०)
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